微波对流层散射雷达频谱信号建模与处理
发布时间：2018-12-11 21:34
【摘要】：当前我国亟需掌握西太平洋上航母等大型舰艇的动态,基于微波对流层散射的雷达频谱监视能够满足高空间、时间覆盖性及实时性。相对传统无源探测,对流层散射雷达信号具有特殊的性质。首先在对流层散射理论基础上建立俯仰向散射模型,分析模型参数对聚集能量的影响,提出宽频带探测系统中接收天线最佳仰角计算方法,研究目标俯仰向多波束对系统带来的影响,结合典型雷达信号俯仰向特性进行分析。确定了接收天线最佳仰角,得出目标俯仰向多波束时可积累仰角在2度内的波束能量,并且不同仰角的波束有群延迟。其次建立方位向散射模型,研究接收天线方位向如何聚集能量、目标方位向静止和扫描对测向带来的影响,分析这些影响与重要参数的关系,结合典型雷达信号进行说明。得出接收天线方位向需要分集接收,并且存在一个与接收系统无关的最小测向误差角和最小虚像模糊角,接收天线架设越高对测向越有利。再次建立阵列接收信号模型,分析阵元间相位的变化关系,对比其与传统值的异同,改进传统阵列信号处理算法。得出一维等间距线阵中阵元间相位差与阵元编号呈线性关系,但阵列接收对流层散射信号中各阵元间还存在相位扩散项,会引起测向误差和测向模糊。最后设计并实现了一套模块式可扩展的高速同步采集记录系统。整个系统采用模块化设计,扩展性强,能够14bit 180MHz连续采样,时钟模块一级级联可实现128路同步采集记录。
[Abstract]:At present, our country urgently needs to master the dynamics of large ships such as aircraft carriers in the western Pacific Ocean. Radar spectrum monitoring based on microwave tropospheric scattering can satisfy high spatial, time coverage and real-time performance. Compared with traditional passive detection, tropospheric scattering radar signals have special properties. Based on the tropospheric scattering theory, the pitching scattering model is established, and the influence of the model parameters on the aggregation energy is analyzed. A method for calculating the optimal elevation angle of the receiving antenna in the broadband detection system is proposed. The effect of target pitching multi-beam on the system is studied, and the pitching characteristic of typical radar signal is analyzed. The optimum elevation angle of the receiving antenna is determined, and the beam energy with the elevation angle within 2 degrees can be accumulated when the target pitches to multiple beams, and the beam with different elevation angles has group delay. Secondly, the azimuth scattering model is established to study how the energy is gathered in the azimuth direction of the receiving antenna, the influence of the target azimuth static direction and the scanning direction on the direction finding, and the relationship between these effects and the important parameters is analyzed, and the typical radar signal is explained. It is concluded that the azimuth direction of the receiving antenna needs diversity reception, and there exists a minimum direction finding error angle and a minimum false image ambiguity angle independent of the receiving system. The higher the reception antenna is, the more favorable the direction finding is. Thirdly, an array received signal model is established to analyze the phase change relationship between array elements, compare the differences and similarities between the array received signals and traditional values, and improve the traditional array signal processing algorithm. It is concluded that the phase difference between the elements is linearly related to the element number in the one-dimensional equidistant linear array, but there are phase diffusion terms among the elements in the array receiving the tropospheric scattering signal, which will lead to the direction finding error and direction ambiguity. Finally, a modular and extensible high-speed synchronous acquisition and recording system is designed and implemented. The whole system adopts modularization design, strong expansibility, can 14bit 180MHz continuous sampling, clock module level cascade can realize 128-channel synchronous acquisition and record.
【学位授予单位】：国防科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.51
本文编号：2373257
[Abstract]:At present, our country urgently needs to master the dynamics of large ships such as aircraft carriers in the western Pacific Ocean. Radar spectrum monitoring based on microwave tropospheric scattering can satisfy high spatial, time coverage and real-time performance. Compared with traditional passive detection, tropospheric scattering radar signals have special properties. Based on the tropospheric scattering theory, the pitching scattering model is established, and the influence of the model parameters on the aggregation energy is analyzed. A method for calculating the optimal elevation angle of the receiving antenna in the broadband detection system is proposed. The effect of target pitching multi-beam on the system is studied, and the pitching characteristic of typical radar signal is analyzed. The optimum elevation angle of the receiving antenna is determined, and the beam energy with the elevation angle within 2 degrees can be accumulated when the target pitches to multiple beams, and the beam with different elevation angles has group delay. Secondly, the azimuth scattering model is established to study how the energy is gathered in the azimuth direction of the receiving antenna, the influence of the target azimuth static direction and the scanning direction on the direction finding, and the relationship between these effects and the important parameters is analyzed, and the typical radar signal is explained. It is concluded that the azimuth direction of the receiving antenna needs diversity reception, and there exists a minimum direction finding error angle and a minimum false image ambiguity angle independent of the receiving system. The higher the reception antenna is, the more favorable the direction finding is. Thirdly, an array received signal model is established to analyze the phase change relationship between array elements, compare the differences and similarities between the array received signals and traditional values, and improve the traditional array signal processing algorithm. It is concluded that the phase difference between the elements is linearly related to the element number in the one-dimensional equidistant linear array, but there are phase diffusion terms among the elements in the array receiving the tropospheric scattering signal, which will lead to the direction finding error and direction ambiguity. Finally, a modular and extensible high-speed synchronous acquisition and recording system is designed and implemented. The whole system adopts modularization design, strong expansibility, can 14bit 180MHz continuous sampling, clock module level cascade can realize 128-channel synchronous acquisition and record.
【学位授予单位】：国防科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN957.51
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