耗能均衡的非均匀双簇首算法设计及MATLAB仿真
发布时间：2019-01-05 04:45
【摘要】：如何节省能耗,延长网络生命周期是工业界和学术界对无线传感器网络路由算法研究的热点问题。详细探讨了经典LEACH协议的原理和运行机制,从理论分析和仿真实验说明了它的优缺点,在总结前人经验的基础上提出相应的改进思想,最后利用MATLAB实验平台仿真分析,验证算法的可行性。首先,简单介绍了无线传感器网络和无线传感器网络路由协议基本概念。详细介绍经典LEACH协议的基本原理和运行机制,利用MATLAB编码实现了平面直接路由算法和LEACH算法,总结出LEACH算法在网络生命周期、能量利用率上的优点。其次,分析LEACH实验数据,总结出LEACH算法在簇首选择和单跳路由等方面的不足,提出改进思路：(一)针对LEACH协议中的阈值公式,引入了四个修正因子：节点的剩余能量、节点到基站的距离、节点到邻居节点距离的平均值、节点的密度,让算法产生更加科学合理的簇首。(二)普通节点在选择簇首加入时,同时考虑节点到簇首的距离和簇首到基站的距离的“通信代价函数”的概念。(三)参考了“双簇首”的思想,按阈值公式产生的主簇首会根据请求加入的普通节点自身能量和位置信息,让能量越大、越靠近基站的普通节点成为本簇的副簇首,主簇首负责搜集本簇的数据信息,副簇首负责转发簇间的数据信息。(四)结合能量的消耗公式以及数学中圆的定义,给出了一种在副簇首之间多跳的路由链路产生的办法,减少能量的消耗。最后,MATLAB编码实现了引入改进思路之后的LEACH-NEW算法过程,并对产生的实验数据进行了分析,选用网络生存周期、网络能耗、基站接收数据报文数、节点能耗的均衡率、簇间多跳路由链路、簇首位置、簇首数量统计、能量空洞问题等八个方面来对比LEACH-NEW和LEACH的性能,从实验数据可以看出,LEACH-NEW在能量均衡和延长网络生存周期方面确实有一定改进。
[Abstract]:How to save energy and prolong network life cycle is a hot issue in industry and academia. The principle and running mechanism of classical LEACH protocol are discussed in detail. Its advantages and disadvantages are illustrated by theoretical analysis and simulation experiments. The corresponding improvement ideas are put forward on the basis of summing up the previous experiences. Finally, the simulation analysis is carried out on the MATLAB experimental platform. Verify the feasibility of the algorithm. Firstly, the basic concepts of wireless sensor network and wireless sensor network routing protocol are introduced briefly. The basic principle and running mechanism of classical LEACH protocol are introduced in detail. The planar direct routing algorithm and LEACH algorithm are implemented by MATLAB coding. The advantages of LEACH algorithm in network life cycle and energy utilization are summarized. Secondly, the LEACH experimental data are analyzed, and the shortcomings of the LEACH algorithm in cluster head selection and single hop routing are summarized. The improved ideas are as follows: (1) for the threshold formula of LEACH protocol, four correction factors are introduced: the residual energy of nodes. The distance from the node to the base station, the average distance from the node to the neighbor node, and the density of the node make the algorithm produce more scientific and reasonable cluster heads. (2) the concept of "communication cost function" of the distance from the node to the cluster head and the distance from the cluster head to the base station is considered when the common node selects the cluster head to join. (3) referring to the idea of "double cluster head", the main cluster head generated by threshold formula will be based on the energy and position information of the ordinary node added upon request, so that the higher the energy, the more the ordinary node near the base station becomes the sub-cluster head of the cluster. The main cluster head is responsible for collecting the data information of the cluster, and the secondary cluster head is responsible for forwarding the data information between the clusters. (4) combined with the formula of energy consumption and the definition of circle in mathematics, a method of generating multi-hop routing link between sub-cluster heads is presented to reduce the energy consumption. Finally, MATLAB code realizes the process of LEACH-NEW algorithm after introducing the improved idea, and analyzes the generated experimental data, selects the network life cycle, network energy consumption, the number of data packets received by base station, and the equalization rate of node energy consumption. The performance of LEACH-NEW and LEACH is compared in eight aspects, such as multi-hop routing link, cluster head location, cluster head statistics, energy hole problem, etc. From the experimental data, we can see that, LEACH-NEW does have some improvements in energy balance and prolongation of network lifetime.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.5;TP212.9
本文编号：2401291
[Abstract]:How to save energy and prolong network life cycle is a hot issue in industry and academia. The principle and running mechanism of classical LEACH protocol are discussed in detail. Its advantages and disadvantages are illustrated by theoretical analysis and simulation experiments. The corresponding improvement ideas are put forward on the basis of summing up the previous experiences. Finally, the simulation analysis is carried out on the MATLAB experimental platform. Verify the feasibility of the algorithm. Firstly, the basic concepts of wireless sensor network and wireless sensor network routing protocol are introduced briefly. The basic principle and running mechanism of classical LEACH protocol are introduced in detail. The planar direct routing algorithm and LEACH algorithm are implemented by MATLAB coding. The advantages of LEACH algorithm in network life cycle and energy utilization are summarized. Secondly, the LEACH experimental data are analyzed, and the shortcomings of the LEACH algorithm in cluster head selection and single hop routing are summarized. The improved ideas are as follows: (1) for the threshold formula of LEACH protocol, four correction factors are introduced: the residual energy of nodes. The distance from the node to the base station, the average distance from the node to the neighbor node, and the density of the node make the algorithm produce more scientific and reasonable cluster heads. (2) the concept of "communication cost function" of the distance from the node to the cluster head and the distance from the cluster head to the base station is considered when the common node selects the cluster head to join. (3) referring to the idea of "double cluster head", the main cluster head generated by threshold formula will be based on the energy and position information of the ordinary node added upon request, so that the higher the energy, the more the ordinary node near the base station becomes the sub-cluster head of the cluster. The main cluster head is responsible for collecting the data information of the cluster, and the secondary cluster head is responsible for forwarding the data information between the clusters. (4) combined with the formula of energy consumption and the definition of circle in mathematics, a method of generating multi-hop routing link between sub-cluster heads is presented to reduce the energy consumption. Finally, MATLAB code realizes the process of LEACH-NEW algorithm after introducing the improved idea, and analyzes the generated experimental data, selects the network life cycle, network energy consumption, the number of data packets received by base station, and the equalization rate of node energy consumption. The performance of LEACH-NEW and LEACH is compared in eight aspects, such as multi-hop routing link, cluster head location, cluster head statistics, energy hole problem, etc. From the experimental data, we can see that, LEACH-NEW does have some improvements in energy balance and prolongation of network lifetime.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.5;TP212.9
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