基于链路丢包率和覆盖率的无线传感器网络分簇协议研究
发布时间：2019-01-10 18:09
【摘要】：无线传感器网络是由大量能量有限的传感器节点组成的自组织网络。由于无线传感器网络经常工作在恶劣的环境中,此时无线链路受到干扰或者衰落,因此经常需要数据重发,从而导致分簇性能降低。在这种情况下现有的分簇方法不一定能够达到延长整个网络的生存周期或节能的目的。因此本文针对不稳定的无线环境中的无线传感网络,研究和改进分簇协议,通过提高数据传输成功率从而减少额外的能耗。此外,无线传感器网络节点数目的大规模性决定了节点的冗余性是不可避免的,因此本文的第二个研究内容是利用节点的冗余性提高监测区域中传感器节点的利用率,延长其有效工作的生存周期。首先,本文对无线传感器网络做了一个整体的概括论述,包括其网络的体系架构、节点的结构以及协议体系结构。接着介绍了无线传感器网络特有的一些特征和其广泛的应用等。最后介绍了几种典型的路由协议,并对其各种路由协议的性能进行了比较分析。其次,本论文提出了基于丢包率测量的LEACH协议。本文首先研究了无线链路信道丢包模型,选取了无线遗失模型中的GE模型作为无线链路的丢包模型,并通过对无线链路信道模型的设置,模拟仿真了一个因为无线信道受到环境因素的干扰而造成节点丢包的情况。在此条件下提出了改进的LEACH-LLR协议,协议通过选取丢包率小的节点当选簇首,来提高数据的成功发送效率,减少因丢包重发而消耗的额外能量,从而达到网络节能和提高数据传输效率的目的。NS2仿真和分析结果说明基于丢包率测量的LEACH-LLR协议在数据传输效率和节能方面要比LEACH协议更具优势。最后,本文提出了以覆盖率作为性能评价的LEACH-N协议。协议主要是针对节点之间的冗余度和网络覆盖率进行研究。本文首先提出了网络覆盖率的定义,然后对网络中节点的冗余性进行研究。由于邻节点数目多表示该节点的冗余度大,因此可以通过选取邻节点个数比较多的节点当选簇首来达到提高节点利用率和节能的目的。协议通过选取邻节点数目比较多的节点来当选簇首,通过网络的覆盖率来对冗余节点进行分析评价。仿真和分析结果说明,LEACH-N协议能够在网络节点密度较大的情况下,提高节点的利用效率;同时通过网络的覆盖率能对节点的冗余性进行有效的分析和评估,从而证明了LEACH-N协议的可行性。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are self-organizing networks composed of sensor nodes with limited energy. Because wireless sensor networks often work in bad environment, the wireless link is interfered or fading, so data retransmission is often needed, which results in low performance of clustering. In this case, the existing clustering methods may not be able to prolong the lifetime of the whole network or save energy. Therefore, this paper studies and improves the clustering protocol for wireless sensor networks in unstable wireless environment, and reduces the additional energy consumption by increasing the success rate of data transmission. In addition, the large number of nodes in wireless sensor networks determines the redundancy of nodes is inevitable. Therefore, the second research content of this paper is to use the redundancy of nodes to improve the utilization rate of sensor nodes in the monitoring area. Prolong the life cycle of their effective work. Firstly, this paper makes a general discussion on wireless sensor network, including its network architecture, node architecture and protocol architecture. Then some special features of wireless sensor network and its wide application are introduced. Finally, several typical routing protocols are introduced, and their performance is compared and analyzed. Secondly, this paper proposes a LEACH protocol based on packet loss rate measurement. Firstly, this paper studies the packet loss model of wireless link channel, and selects the GE model of wireless loss model as the packet loss model of wireless link, and sets the channel model of wireless link. Simulation of a wireless channel due to the interference of environmental factors resulting in node packet loss. Under this condition, an improved LEACH-LLR protocol is proposed, in which the nodes with low packet loss rate are selected as cluster heads to improve the efficiency of successful data transmission and reduce the additional energy consumption due to the retransmission of lost packets. NS2 simulation and analysis results show that LEACH-LLR protocol based on packet loss rate measurement has more advantages than LEACH protocol in data transmission efficiency and energy saving. Finally, this paper proposes a LEACH-N protocol with coverage as performance evaluation. The protocol mainly focuses on the redundancy and network coverage between nodes. In this paper, the definition of network coverage is proposed, and then the redundancy of nodes in the network is studied. Because the number of adjacent nodes means the redundancy of the node, it is possible to select the nodes with a large number of adjacent nodes to select the cluster heads to improve the utilization rate of the nodes and to save energy. The protocol selects nodes with a large number of adjacent nodes to select cluster heads, and analyzes and evaluates redundant nodes through network coverage. The simulation and analysis results show that the LEACH-N protocol can improve the utilization efficiency of nodes when the density of network nodes is high. At the same time, the network coverage can effectively analyze and evaluate the redundancy of nodes, which proves the feasibility of LEACH-N protocol.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.5;TP212.9
本文编号：2406629
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are self-organizing networks composed of sensor nodes with limited energy. Because wireless sensor networks often work in bad environment, the wireless link is interfered or fading, so data retransmission is often needed, which results in low performance of clustering. In this case, the existing clustering methods may not be able to prolong the lifetime of the whole network or save energy. Therefore, this paper studies and improves the clustering protocol for wireless sensor networks in unstable wireless environment, and reduces the additional energy consumption by increasing the success rate of data transmission. In addition, the large number of nodes in wireless sensor networks determines the redundancy of nodes is inevitable. Therefore, the second research content of this paper is to use the redundancy of nodes to improve the utilization rate of sensor nodes in the monitoring area. Prolong the life cycle of their effective work. Firstly, this paper makes a general discussion on wireless sensor network, including its network architecture, node architecture and protocol architecture. Then some special features of wireless sensor network and its wide application are introduced. Finally, several typical routing protocols are introduced, and their performance is compared and analyzed. Secondly, this paper proposes a LEACH protocol based on packet loss rate measurement. Firstly, this paper studies the packet loss model of wireless link channel, and selects the GE model of wireless loss model as the packet loss model of wireless link, and sets the channel model of wireless link. Simulation of a wireless channel due to the interference of environmental factors resulting in node packet loss. Under this condition, an improved LEACH-LLR protocol is proposed, in which the nodes with low packet loss rate are selected as cluster heads to improve the efficiency of successful data transmission and reduce the additional energy consumption due to the retransmission of lost packets. NS2 simulation and analysis results show that LEACH-LLR protocol based on packet loss rate measurement has more advantages than LEACH protocol in data transmission efficiency and energy saving. Finally, this paper proposes a LEACH-N protocol with coverage as performance evaluation. The protocol mainly focuses on the redundancy and network coverage between nodes. In this paper, the definition of network coverage is proposed, and then the redundancy of nodes in the network is studied. Because the number of adjacent nodes means the redundancy of the node, it is possible to select the nodes with a large number of adjacent nodes to select the cluster heads to improve the utilization rate of the nodes and to save energy. The protocol selects nodes with a large number of adjacent nodes to select cluster heads, and analyzes and evaluates redundant nodes through network coverage. The simulation and analysis results show that the LEACH-N protocol can improve the utilization efficiency of nodes when the density of network nodes is high. At the same time, the network coverage can effectively analyze and evaluate the redundancy of nodes, which proves the feasibility of LEACH-N protocol.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.5;TP212.9
【参考文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 蔡烽;无线传感器网络分簇路由算法研究[D];上海交通大学;2008年
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