高频地波雷达探测性能评估方法研究

发布时间：2019-01-14 07:21

【摘要】：高频地波雷达作为现代新体制雷达，，其探测性能的评估一直是研究的热点与难点。一方面，根据地波雷达自身的工作特点，接收机外部噪声大于内部噪声，外部环境噪声与干扰构成主要的检测背景。由于外部环境与干扰处于动态的变化过程中，从而给高频地波雷达探测性能的评估带来困难。另一方面，高频地波雷达作为一个庞大的系统，对其探测性能进行评估涉及到诸多因素，如何合理的探讨各项因素对探测性能的影响，是极其复杂的过程。因此，如何科学有效地对高频地波雷达探测性能进行评估，已成为亟需解决的问题。本文主要研究内容是针对高频地波雷达探测性能评估中的难点，在分析高频地波雷达系统组成、归纳总结检测环境特性以及研究高频地波雷达方程的基础上，从威力范围预估以及性能评估方法两方面，提出行之有效的探测性能评估方案，从而为高频地波雷达设计和使用的各个阶段提供科学而可信的决策依据。高频地波雷达威力范围预估方面，首先分析了地波场强传播特性，采用改进的GRWAVE程序对沿粗糙海面传播的地波场强进行数值计算。然后描述了背景噪声中海杂波与环境噪声两种主要干扰的产生机理及特性，进而建立了海杂波模型以及环境噪声模型。最后从功率的角度，将信噪比作为探测距离的衡量指标，建立高频地波雷达信杂波模型，并通过仿真试验给出了不同环境条件下，高频地波雷达的威力范围预估结果，进一步采用合作舰船目标的探测试验验证了预估结果的正确性。高频地波雷达探测性能评估方面，首先明确了指标体系建立的准则，然后采用层次分析法，对高频地波雷达探测性能的影响因素进行了评估，指出层次分析评估法评估结果精度低的缺点，并结合现代优化技术提出了基于遗传算法的改进的层次分析评估法。仿真试验表明，改进的层次分析评估法能有效地提高了评估结果的稳健性和可信度。最后，总结归纳全文，从用户需求的角度，给出了高频地波雷达探测性能评估的总方案。
[Abstract]:As a new modern radar, the evaluation of the detection performance of HF ground wave radar has been a hot and difficult point. On the one hand, according to the working characteristics of the ground wave radar, the external noise of the receiver is greater than that of the internal noise, and the external environment noise and interference constitute the main detection background. Due to the dynamic change of external environment and jamming, it is difficult to evaluate the detection performance of HF ground wave radar. On the other hand, as a huge system, the evaluation of the detection performance of HF ground wave radar involves many factors. How to reasonably discuss the influence of various factors on the detection performance is an extremely complex process. Therefore, how to evaluate the detection performance of HF ground wave radar scientifically and effectively has become an urgent problem. The main research content of this paper is to analyze the composition of HF ground wave radar system, summarize the detection environment characteristics and study the equation of HF ground wave radar, aiming at the difficulties in the performance evaluation of HF ground wave radar. From two aspects of power range estimation and performance evaluation method, an effective detection performance evaluation scheme is proposed, which provides a scientific and reliable decision basis for the design and use of HF ground wave radar. In the aspect of predicting the power range of HF ground wave radar, the propagation characteristics of ground wave field intensity are analyzed at first, and the numerical calculation of ground wave field intensity along rough sea surface is carried out by using an improved GRWAVE program. Then, the mechanism and characteristics of background noise, sea clutter and environmental noise are described, and the sea clutter model and environment noise model are established. Finally, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is taken as the measurement index of detection range from the power point of view, and the signal clutter model of HF ground wave radar is established, and the prediction results of power range of HF ground wave radar under different environment are given through simulation experiments. The accuracy of the prediction results is verified by further experiments on the target detection of cooperative ships. In the aspect of detecting performance evaluation of HF ground wave radar, the criterion of establishing index system is defined firstly, and then the factors influencing the detection performance of HF ground wave radar are evaluated by AHP. This paper points out the disadvantage of low accuracy of AHP evaluation method, and puts forward an improved AHP method based on genetic algorithm combined with modern optimization technology. Simulation results show that the improved AHP method can effectively improve the robustness and reliability of the evaluation results. Finally, the paper summarizes and summarizes the whole paper, and gives a general scheme for evaluating the detection performance of HF ground wave radar from the point of view of user requirements.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN958.93

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