面向测距与通信性能优化的卫星导航星间链路组网技术研究

发布时间：2019-02-11 21:21

【摘要】：星间链路是卫星导航系统的重要组成部分。组网技术是星间链路的关键技术,须从星间测距与通信性能优化的角度对星间链路组网技术进行深入研究。星间链路可以采用宽波束与点波束两种形式的星间天线,两种天线形式下组网技术具有不同特点。星间链路的工作模式逐渐从单一的自主导航向星地一体化数据传输与定轨方向发展,要求星间链路组网技术针对星地联合工作性能进行优化。在此背景下,论文针对星间链路组网技术开展了以下四个方面的研究工作:(1)针对点波束星间链路现有的网状链路分配方法未对星间测距与通信性能进行优化的问题,提出了一种基于整网平均观测几何精度因子与整网平均链路传输时延综合加权的链路代价最小化的链路分配方法。分析与仿真结果表明,本文提出的链路分配方法星间测距与通信性能明显优于网状链路分配方法。每分配5个星座网络拓扑结构进行一次链路代价计算时,整网平均观测几何精度因子可从3.06降低到1.34,整网平均点到点链路传输时延从218ms略降至211ms。(2)针对星间链路缺乏链路异常检测方法,无法有效解决链路中断条件下路由传输的问题,提出了一种基于链路中断检测和K短路径的抗毁路由算法。分析与仿真结果表明,链路发生中断时采用本文提出的抗毁路由算法比链路正常时最多仅增加1跳传输,未明显增加链路负担。(3)针对宽波束时分体制星间链路现有的轮询时分测距体制星间观测几何结构不够优化,制约联合定轨精度提升的问题,提出了一种分组时分的星间测距体制和基于整网平均观测几何精度因子最小化的卫星分组算法。分析与仿真结果表明,分组时分测距体制联合定轨精度明显优于轮询时分测距体制。当星间星地测距误差为均值0.6m、标准差0.3m的正态分布误差模型时,最优卫星分组条件下的联合定轨精度可从2.45m提高到1.26m。(4)针对目前缺乏有效的卫星导航星间链路整网干扰影响分析方法的问题,提出了一种兼顾定轨与通信性能的整网干扰影响评估方法。分析与仿真结果表明,整网平均定轨精度损失可有效衡量被干扰卫星数量,整网通信阻断率与整网平均链路传输时延增量可有效衡量被干扰卫星在网络中的重要程度。根据干扰影响分析结果,从星间链路工作模式抗干扰的角度得出了星间链路应该采用的安全防护策略。论文研究成果已应用于我国自主卫星导航系统星间链路的体制论证和设备研制等相关项目中。
[Abstract]:Intersatellite link is an important part of satellite navigation system. The networking technology is the key technology of intersatellite link. It is necessary to study the intersatellite link networking technology from the angle of intersatellite ranging and communication performance optimization. Two types of intersatellite antenna can be used in the intersatellite link, which are wide beam and dot beam. The networking technology has different characteristics under the two kinds of antenna forms. The mode of operation of intersatellite link is gradually developing from single autonomous navigation to integrated satellite and earth data transmission and orbit determination. The intersatellite link networking technology is required to optimize the performance of satellite and ground joint operation. In this context, the following four aspects of the research work are carried out in this paper: (1) the existing mesh link allocation methods for spot beam intersatellite links do not optimize the performance of intersatellite ranging and communication. In this paper, a link allocation method is proposed, which is based on the weight of the geometric precision factor of the whole network average observation and the average transmission delay of the whole network. The analysis and simulation results show that the proposed link allocation method is superior to the mesh link allocation method in the performance of intersatellite ranging and communication. The average geometric precision factor of the whole network can be reduced from 3.06 to 1.34 when every five constellation network topologies are allocated to calculate the link cost once. The average point-to-point transmission delay of the whole network is slightly reduced from 218ms to 211ms.2.In view of the lack of link anomaly detection method for intersatellite links, the problem of routing transmission under the condition of link interruption cannot be effectively solved. A robust routing algorithm based on link interrupt detection and K short path is proposed. The analysis and simulation results show that the proposed survivability routing algorithm can only increase 1 hop transmission when the link is interrupted. (3) for the existing intersatellite link of the wide beam time division system, the geometry structure of the existing polling time division ranging system is not optimized enough, which restricts the improvement of the precision of joint orbit determination. A packet time division ranging scheme and a satellite grouping algorithm based on the minimum geometric precision factor of the whole network average observation are proposed. The results of analysis and simulation show that the combined orbit determination accuracy of grouping time division ranging system is obviously better than that of polling time division ranging system. When the mean error is 0.6 m and the standard deviation is 0.3 m, the normal distribution error model is obtained. The precision of joint orbit determination can be improved from 2.45 m to 1.26 m under the optimal satellite packet condition. (4) in view of the lack of effective methods for analyzing the interference of satellite navigation inter-satellite link in the whole network at present, the precision of orbit determination can be improved from 2.45 m to 1.26 m. In this paper, a method for evaluating the impact of whole network interference is proposed, which takes both orbit determination and communication performance into account. The results of analysis and simulation show that the loss of orbit determination accuracy of the whole network can effectively measure the number of jammed satellites, and the interdiction rate of the whole network and the increment of the average link transmission delay of the whole network can effectively measure the importance of the jammed satellites in the network. According to the results of interference effect analysis, the security protection strategy should be adopted in intersatellite link from the angle of intersatellite link operation mode anti-jamming. The research results of this paper have been applied to the system demonstration and equipment development of the intersatellite link of autonomous satellite navigation system in China.
【学位授予单位】：国防科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN967.1

【相似文献】