无线传感器网络密钥管理与信息加密研究

发布时间：2019-02-22 19:23

【摘要】：无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Networks,WSN)是信息科学技术领域的一个重要研究方向,在军事、交通、医疗等方面具有良好的应用前景。WSN受到诸多因素限制,使得轻量级、低能耗的密钥管理和信息加密技术等安全协议成为WSN中研究的重要方向。密钥管理是信息加密、实体认证等技术的基础。而混沌加密技术以其资源消耗少、加密速度快等特点成为近年WSN加密技术研究的热点。本文首先介绍了现有的密钥管理和信息加密技术。在总结分析了密钥管理和信息加密技术研究现状基础上,对基于ECC的簇内分组密钥管理算法和基于Logistic映射的分组加密算法进行了改进。本文主要创新性研究工作如下：(1)在密钥管理方面,研究了现有的密钥管理算法,指出了现有算法的优缺点。然后选择了近年来提出的具有较好应用价值的密钥管理算法—基于ECC的簇内分组密钥管理算法进行深入研究。指出了该算法在密钥更新过程中使用单链路分发密钥的方式存在安全问题以及效率低的问题,在新节点加入过程中存在前向安全问题。针对以上不足,结合分层分组式密钥管理模型提出了改进方案,并与原方案在安全性、存储开销和能量开销上做了对比分析,证明了改进后的算法整体性能有所提高。(2)在信息加密方面,研究了现有的混沌映射方法,分析了现有混沌映射由于固有的短周期现象易产生弱密钥的根本原因。指出了在混沌映射中可以通过扰动初始值x0和扰动参数u来减少短周期对随机序列性能的影响,并提出了基于参数扰动的Logistic混沌映射,测试了基于参数扰动的Logistic混沌映射和普通混沌映射产生二进制序列的随机性性能,证明了改进方案能够极大地改善短周期问题,提高序列的随机性。(3)在基于参数扰动的Logistic混沌映射的基础上,研究基于Logistic映射的分组加密算法,并使用选择明文攻击对该算法进行成功的破解。然后针对破解过程,对该算法提出了密文反馈的改进方式以抵抗选择明文攻击,并改进了移位算法使得攻击者不能通过穷举的方法获得移位位数D。最后在安全性、密钥敏感性等方面进行了仿真,证明了改进后的方案整体性能有较大提高。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor Networks,WSN) is an important research direction in the field of information science and technology, and has a good application prospect in military, transportation, medical treatment and so on. WSN is limited by many factors, making it lightweight. Low-energy security protocols such as key management and information encryption technology have become an important research direction in WSN. Key management is the foundation of information encryption and entity authentication. In recent years, chaotic encryption technology has become a hotspot of WSN encryption technology because of its low resource consumption and fast encryption speed. This paper first introduces the existing key management and information encryption technology. On the basis of summarizing and analyzing the research status of key management and information encryption, the paper improves the block key management algorithm based on ECC and the block encryption algorithm based on Logistic mapping. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) in key management, the existing key management algorithms are studied, and the advantages and disadvantages of the existing algorithms are pointed out. Then, the key management algorithm based on ECC, which has good application value in recent years, is studied deeply. It is pointed out that the algorithm has security problems and low efficiency in using single link to distribute keys in the process of key updating, and there is forward security problem in the process of adding new nodes. In view of the above shortcomings, an improved scheme is proposed in combination with the hierarchical and grouped key management model, and compared with the original scheme in terms of security, storage cost and energy cost. It is proved that the overall performance of the improved algorithm has been improved. (2) in the aspect of information encryption, the existing chaotic mapping methods are studied, and the fundamental reasons that the existing chaotic maps are easy to produce weak keys due to the inherent short period phenomenon are analyzed. It is pointed out that the influence of short period on the performance of random sequences can be reduced by perturbation initial value x 0 and perturbation parameter u in chaotic mapping, and the Logistic chaotic map based on parameter perturbation is proposed. The randomness of binary sequences generated by Logistic chaotic map and ordinary chaotic map based on parameter perturbation is tested. It is proved that the improved scheme can greatly improve the short period problem. Improve the randomness of sequences. (3) on the basis of Logistic chaotic map based on parameter perturbation, the block encryption algorithm based on Logistic mapping is studied, and the algorithm is successfully cracked by selective plaintext attack. Then an improved ciphertext feedback method is proposed to resist the selective plaintext attack and the shift algorithm is improved so that the attacker can not obtain the shift bits D by exhaustive method. Finally, the security, key sensitivity and other aspects of the simulation results show that the overall performance of the improved scheme has been greatly improved.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN918.4;TN929.5;TP212.9

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