LTE多频段手机MIMO天线设计研究

发布时间：2019-02-24 17:36

【摘要】：随着3G移动通信网络的成熟和4G LTE(Long Term Evolution)网络的快速发展,智能手机得到更加广泛的应用。在目前的通信制式下手机天线既要实现对于新推标准LTE工作频段的有效覆盖,又要同时兼容3G,2G通信频段,宽带设计成为必然的要求。与此同时LTE标准采用了多输入多输出(MIMO)多天线技术,这意味着提供给单个天线的设计面积将更小。受制于有限的手机整体尺寸,MIMO天线单元之间的将存在强烈电磁耦合,强耦合会降低天线的效率,减少天线单元的辐射多样性,影响系统的通信效能。作为手持无线设备,手机天线受到人体的影响,因此研究手机与人体之间的相互作用有重要的意义。鉴于此,本文针对MIMO天线单元频带拓展技术、MIMO天线单元间去耦技术,以及天线与人体间的相互作用影响进行研究,其内容主要包括:首先本文调研手机天线的研究背景以及国内外发展状况,对目前已经发布的手机天线进行分类整理,研究宽带匹配技术,探索宽带小尺寸单元天线设计,并提出两款小型化宽带天线设计方案,基于已有方案分析研究在较小空间内实现宽带天线设计的可行性,为手机MIMO天线设计做铺垫。接着,以已经验证的单元天线为基础完成MIMO天线组合设计,探索在多天线系统中单元天线的性能的变化,深入分析天线设计参数,保证天线单元在多天线系统下拥有良好的阻抗匹配带宽。同时分析现有的去耦方案,讨论各类去耦技术的优势和缺陷,研究更具有实用性的去耦策略,并将去耦性能良好实用性强的去耦技术运用到本方案中,仿真优化MIMO天线性能,完成对天线的测试和实验数据分析。结果表明本文的设计方案性能稳定,结构紧凑,适用性强,能较好的应用的手机的MIMO天线设计中。其次,本文研究手机天线的在具体应用环境中人体与天线之间的相互作用。根据人对于手机的使用习惯建立全波仿真模型,分析在不同工作模式下手和头部对于手机天线的影响。通过总结手机与人体之间的相互影响机理研究未来手机MIMO天线设计更加合理的配置。最后,本文将从带宽拓展,去耦技术方面对手机MIMO天线的设计做总结,对方案的可行性进行全局的阐述分析。通过对天线性能的总体研究和不同使用环境中的表现总结宽频带紧凑型手机MIMO天线设计中的技术要点。
[Abstract]:With the maturity of 3G mobile communication network and the rapid development of 4G LTE (Long Term Evolution) network, smart phone is more widely used. Under the current communication system, the mobile phone antenna not only can effectively cover the working frequency band of the new standard LTE, but also can be compatible with the 3G / 2G communication band at the same time, so the broadband design has become an inevitable requirement. At the same time, the LTE standard uses multi-input multi-output (MIMO) multi-antenna technology, which means that the design area provided to a single antenna will be smaller. Due to the limited size of the mobile phone, there will be strong electromagnetic coupling between the MIMO antenna elements, which will reduce the efficiency of the antenna, reduce the radiation diversity of the antenna elements, and affect the communication efficiency of the system. As a handheld wireless device, the antenna of mobile phone is influenced by human body, so it is important to study the interaction between mobile phone and human body. In view of this, this paper studies the frequency band expansion technology of MIMO antenna unit, decoupling technology between MIMO antenna elements, and the interaction between antenna and human body. The main contents include: firstly, this paper investigates the research background of mobile phone antenna and the development situation at home and abroad, classifies the mobile phone antenna that has been published at present, studies broadband matching technology, and explores the design of wideband small size cell antenna. Two miniaturized wideband antenna design schemes are proposed. Based on the analysis of existing schemes, the feasibility of broadband antenna design in small space is studied, which can pave the way for the design of mobile phone MIMO antenna. Then, based on the verified element antenna, the MIMO antenna combination design is completed, and the performance of the unit antenna in the multi-antenna system is explored, and the antenna design parameters are deeply analyzed. Ensure that the antenna unit has a good impedance matching bandwidth under the multi-antenna system. At the same time, it analyzes the existing decoupling schemes, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of various decoupling techniques, studies more practical decoupling strategies, and applies the decoupling techniques with good decoupling performance to the scheme, and simulates and optimizes the MIMO antenna performance. Complete the antenna testing and experimental data analysis. The results show that the design scheme is stable, compact, applicable and can be used in the design of MIMO antenna of mobile phone. Secondly, the interaction between human body and antenna is studied in this paper. A full-wave simulation model is established according to the usage habits of mobile phones, and the effects of different working modes and head on the antenna of mobile phone are analyzed. By summarizing the mechanism of interaction between mobile phone and human body, a more reasonable configuration of mobile phone MIMO antenna is studied in the future. Finally, this paper summarizes the design of mobile phone MIMO antenna from the aspects of bandwidth expansion and decoupling technology, and analyzes the feasibility of the scheme. Based on the overall research of antenna performance and the performance of different operating environments, the key points of the design of broadband compact mobile phone MIMO antenna are summarized.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN929.5

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