双基地MIMO雷达目标跟踪技术研究

发布时间：2019-02-27 08:57

【摘要】：MIMO雷达发射相互正交的信号,通过形成低增益的宽波束可实现空域的快速覆盖,并能够改善传统相控阵雷达的抗截获性能,及解决强杂波背景下接收弱目标信号导致的动态范围过大等问题;双基地雷达具有收发分置的特点,在抗隐形目标、防低空入侵、抗干扰等诸多方面具备明显的优势和潜力。因此,综合了MIMO雷达与双基地雷达两者优点的双基地MIMO雷达应运而生。本文研究双基地MIMO雷达目标跟踪技术,通过系统建模与分析,提出了适用于双基地MIMO雷达的目标量测信息提取方法及目标跟踪方法;构建了一个包含回波模拟、信号处理、数据处理等功能的较完整的双基地MIMO雷达系统仿真平台,通过仿真验证了所提方法的有效性及双基地MIMO雷达良好的目标定位与跟踪性能。具体内容描述如下:(1)介绍了雷达数据处理系统常用的估计方法、机动模型与跟踪滤波器等的基本概念,并给出了具体的公式推导及适用条件。(2)根据双基地MIMO雷达的系统模型和信号模型,研究了系统量测信息的获取方法,给出了距离和、接收角、发射角三种残差提取的详细推导和具体计算流程,所用方法能快速有效的获得系统量测信息,供后续目标跟踪处理使用。(3)研究了双基地MIMO雷达目标跟踪技术,采用泰勒展开与线性近似,解决了量测参数与目标位置参数的非线性关系问题;在此基础上,提出了一种基于最小二乘估计与卡尔曼滤波相结合的目标跟踪方法,该方法能有效解决双基地MIMO雷达量测信息的冗余性问题。通过对比仿真,验证了所提方法的有效性及其相对于相控阵雷达更好的目标跟踪性能。(4)建立了双基地MIMO雷达系统仿真平台,该平台包含完整的回波模拟、信号处理及数据处理过程;通过系统综合仿真,验证了所提数据处理方法的可行性及双基MIMO雷达目标定位与跟踪的有效性。同时,也对影响双基地MIMO雷达定位精度的一些因素进行了讨论和分析。
[Abstract]:The MIMO radar transmits mutually orthogonal signals. By forming a wide beam with low gain, the fast spatial coverage can be achieved and the anti-interception performance of the traditional phased array radar can be improved. And solve the problem of too large dynamic range caused by receiving weak target signal in the background of strong clutter. Bistatic radar (bistatic radar) has obvious advantages and potential in many aspects such as anti-stealth target anti-low-altitude intrusion anti-jamming and so on. Therefore, bistatic MIMO radar, which combines the advantages of MIMO radar and bistatic radar, emerges as the times require. In this paper, the bistatic MIMO radar target tracking technology is studied. Through the system modeling and analysis, the target measurement information extraction method and the target tracking method suitable for bistatic MIMO radar are presented. A relatively complete bistatic MIMO radar system simulation platform including echo simulation, signal processing, data processing and other functions is constructed. The effectiveness of the proposed method and the good target location and tracking performance of bistatic MIMO radar are verified by simulation. The main contents are as follows: (1) the basic concepts of radar data processing system, such as estimation method, maneuvering model and tracking filter, are introduced. According to the system model and signal model of bistatic MIMO radar, the method of obtaining the measurement information of the system is studied, and the range sum and receiving angle are given. The detailed derivation and calculation flow of the three kinds of residual extraction of the launch angle can obtain the measurement information of the system quickly and effectively for the follow-up target tracking processing. (3) the bistatic MIMO radar target tracking technology is studied. The nonlinear relationship between measurement parameters and target position parameters is solved by Taylor expansion and linear approximation. On this basis, a target tracking method based on the combination of least squares estimation and Kalman filter is proposed. This method can effectively solve the redundancy problem of bistatic MIMO radar measurement information. The validity of the proposed method and its better target tracking performance compared with phased array radar are verified by comparative simulation. (4) A bistatic MIMO radar system simulation platform is established, which contains complete echo simulation. Signal processing and data processing; The feasibility of the proposed data processing method and the effectiveness of target location and tracking for bistatic MIMO radar are verified by system simulation. At the same time, some factors affecting the positioning accuracy of bistatic MIMO radar are discussed and analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN953

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