基于ZigBee无线传感器网络的作物生长环境监控系统

发布时间：2019-03-02 15:10

【摘要】：适宜的环境对促进农作物的生长和高产起着举足轻重的作用，因此对作物生长环境进行实时的监测一直是农业发展的一项重要任务。目前，国内外对农业监控技术的研究都十分重视，也取得了一些成果。但我国的作物生长环境监控系统仍存在监测项目单一、成本高、可靠性低等缺点。最近几年出现了成本低、体积小、功耗低且具有多种功能的无线传感器网络，它主要是由多个传感器节点构成，融合了多种技术，如集成电路、片上系统、无线通信、微机电系统及低功耗嵌入式技术等。ZigBee技术是非常具有代表性的无线传感器网络，具有无线传感器网络的全部优点，已被广泛的应用到智能家居、工业监控和军事侦查等方面，都取得了良好的效益。在这样的背景下，本课题把ZigBee无线传感器网络技术应用到农作物生长环境监控系统中，设计了基于ZigBee无线传感器网络的作物生长环境监控系统，本系统可以实时的监测作物的生长环境，完成数据的采集、传输、分析及存储，为用户管理温室提供方便可靠的数据，系统的应用对降低农民的劳动强度，实现科学种植都具有重要意义。该监控系统主要包括：终端节点、路由器节点、协调器节点和上位机监控软件这几部分。终端节点与传感器相连，主要负责数据的采集工作；路由器节点是终端节点与协调器节点的中间纽带，具有路由功能，也可完成终端节点的任务；协调器节点完成组建新的网络的工作，与各节点和上位机进行网络连接，实现系统的网络通信；上位机软件部分接收监测到的环境数据并进行保存和分析，用户通过上位机就可以实时的掌握作物的生长环境信息，并可以通过数据的分析结果和专家数据库的帮助，自主的合理改变作物的生长环境，从而达到高产的目的。本课题主要完成了以下工作：首先，详细调查了农业监控技术的国内外发展现状，对课题的研究意义进行了肯定；第二，深入研究了ZigBee无线传感器网络技术，为设计运用奠定基础；第三，在明确系统目的的前提下，设计了系统的整体结构，并根据功能的需要选择了相应的硬件设备，，如：传感器、CC2530芯片及CC2591射频芯片；然后，对系统的硬件平台进行了搭建，给出了各模块的电路图并得出符合要求的电路板；随后，运用TI公司的Z-stack技术搭建了完整的ZigBee网络实现了系统的通信功能；最后，对系统的数据库和用户界面系统进行了编写。
[Abstract]:Suitable environment plays an important role in promoting crop growth and high yield, so real-time monitoring of crop growth environment has always been an important task of agricultural development. At present, the research of agricultural monitoring technology both at home and abroad has been attached great importance, and some achievements have been achieved. However, the monitoring system of crop growth environment in China still has some shortcomings such as single monitoring project, high cost and low reliability. In recent years, wireless sensor networks with low cost, small size, low power consumption and various functions have emerged. It is mainly composed of multiple sensor nodes, which integrates a variety of technologies, such as integrated circuits, on-chip systems, wireless communications, and so on. ZigBee technology is a very representative wireless sensor network, has all the advantages of wireless sensor network, has been widely used in smart home, industrial monitoring and military investigation, and so on, and ZigBee technology has been widely used in intelligent home, industrial monitoring and military investigation, etc. ZigBee technology is a very representative wireless sensor network. All have achieved good results. Under this background, the ZigBee wireless sensor network technology is applied to the crop growth environment monitoring system, and the crop growth environment monitoring system based on ZigBee wireless sensor network is designed. The system can monitor the growing environment of crops in real time, complete the collection, transmission, analysis and storage of data, provide convenient and reliable data for users to manage greenhouse, and the application of the system can reduce the labor intensity of farmers. It is of great significance to realize scientific planting. The monitoring system includes terminal node, router node, coordinator node and PC monitoring software. The terminal node is connected with the sensor and is mainly responsible for the collection of data, and the router node is the intermediate link between the terminal node and the coordinator node, which has the function of routing, and can also complete the task of the terminal node. The coordinator node completes the work of building a new network, connects with each node and the upper computer, and realizes the network communication of the system. The upper computer software part receives the monitored environmental data and carries on the storage and the analysis, the user can grasp the crop growth environment information in real time through the upper computer, and can pass the data analysis result and the expert database help, Independent and reasonable change of crop growth environment, so as to achieve the purpose of high yield. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the status quo of agricultural monitoring technology at home and abroad is investigated in detail, and the significance of the research is affirmed. Secondly, the ZigBee wireless sensor network technology is deeply studied, which lays the foundation for the design and application. Thirdly, on the premise of defining the purpose of the system, the whole structure of the system is designed, and the corresponding hardware devices, such as sensor, CC2530 chip and CC2591 RF chip, are selected according to the needs of the function. Then, the hardware platform of the system is built, the circuit diagram of each module is given and the circuit board meeting the requirements is obtained. Then, the complete ZigBee network is built by using the Z-stack technology of TI company to realize the communication function of the system. Finally, the database and user interface system of the system are compiled.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP277;TN92;TP212.9

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