卫星导航欺骗干扰信号仿真与检测关键技术研究
发布时间：2019-03-03 18:59
【摘要】：随着卫星导航系统在国民经济和军事领域的广泛应用,以及电子技术的飞速发展,欺骗式干扰不仅逐渐成为了卫星导航系统的重要威胁,甚至具备了产生灾难性后果的能力。可见,卫星导航欺骗干扰相关技术的研究,已经有了很大程度的必要性和紧迫性。特别是在军事领域,包括炮弹在内的各种运动载体上安装的单天线或天线阵接收终端都需要采用抗欺骗技术,才能保证载体运行时导航与制导系统输出结果的正确性。然而,正是由于欺骗干扰的危害性和终端平台的复杂性,无论是军用或民用的欺骗干扰相关技术,都难以在实际环境中进行研究和测试。因此,欺骗干扰信号仿真技术作为能够提供低成本、高精度、可配置、可重复欺骗干扰研究与测试平台的技术,在理论和工程上具有重要研究意义。在此背景下,论文针对当前欺骗干扰信号仿真和欺骗干扰检测技术中存在的问题,开展了以下四个方面的研究工作:(1)针对卫星导航欺骗干扰信号仿真时,所使用的传统宽带信号高精度延时控制方法存在时域与相关域延时测量一致性、延时控制复杂度和实现资源消耗难以兼顾的问题,提出了基于NCO相位的宽带信号高精度延时控制理论和基于Hermite插值的高采样率基带信号波形生成方法,并将两者结合得到了新的宽带导航信号延时控制方法。在0.1ns的延时控制精度要求下,所设计宽带导航信号高精度延时控制方法具有与可变分数延时(VFD)滤波器方法相同的时域与相关域延时测量一致性,与传统NCO方法同样低的延时控制复杂度,并且硬件乘法器资源消耗相比VFD滤波器方法大幅减少约91.4%;(2)针对弹载接收终端的欺骗干扰信号仿真过程中,使用传统分段多项式方法生成弹体接收导航信号的自旋多普勒频移时,存在模拟参数更新周期急剧减小,系统运算负荷显著增加的不足,提出了基于刚体微运动的弹体多普勒频移模拟生成技术。通过将微运动和微多普勒频移引入弹体接收信号的多普勒频移建模,并以微多普勒频移自身特性参数作为模拟生成参数,有效解决了模拟生成自旋多普勒频移时模拟参数更新周期过小的问题。对100Hz自旋弹体自旋多普勒频移模拟生成的仿真分析结果表明,所提方法可在模拟参数更新周期为100ms时满足误差要求,远优于传统分段多项式方法要求的小于1ms模拟参数更新周期;(3)针对目前基于天线阵的欺骗干扰检测技术缺乏对阵元阵型要求、检测算法、检测性能的详细分析等问题,采用代数方法证明了利用阵元间载波相位差无模糊表示信号到达角的阵元阵型要求,提出了基于载波相位双差高斯二次型的天线阵欺骗干扰检测技术,以及由最小检测门限和检测盲区限制的检测性能分析方法。对正三角三元阵检测性能的数值分析表明,在载波相位测量精度为0.01周,阵元基线长度为一倍波长,虚警率为0.01时,对任意到达角入射的信号,其欺骗干扰检测概率小于0.99的检测盲区占整个到达角区域的面积不超过6.7%,可在绝大部分情况下获得良好的检测性能;(4)针对当前基于天线运动或天线阵的欺骗干扰检测技术硬件及算法实现复杂度高的问题,提出了基于载波相位双差广义似然比的旋转天线欺骗干扰检测技术,可直接利用旋转单/双天线接收终端输出的载波相位测量值进行欺骗干扰检测。在相同的信号入射来向下,以检测盲区大小比较天线阵方法与所提旋转天线方法的检测性能。分析结果表明,在0.25Hz旋转频率,0.5倍波长旋转半径,20秒单次检测时间下,旋转单天线方法的欺骗干扰检测性能已经优于一倍波长基线长度的正三角三元阵,而旋转双天线在仅1秒的单次检测时间下最高可相比以上三元阵减小74.6%的检测盲区。最后,对论文的研究成果及其工程应用情况进行了总结,并对下一步将要开展的工作进行了展望。论文研究成果已应用于我国自主卫星导航系统的仿真测试系统核心设备与高端接收机的研制等相关项目中。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of the satellite navigation system in the national economy and the military field, and the rapid development of the electronic technology, the deception jamming has not only become an important threat to the satellite navigation system, but also has the ability to produce disastrous consequences. It can be seen that the research of satellite navigation deception jamming technology has great necessity and urgency. In particular, in the military field, the single antenna or the antenna array receiving terminal mounted on various moving carriers, including the shell, needs to adopt the anti-spoofing technology to ensure the correctness of the output result of the navigation and guidance system during the operation of the carrier. However, it is difficult to carry out the research and test in the actual environment due to the harm of the deception jamming and the complexity of the terminal platform, whether military or civil deception jamming related technology. Therefore, it is of great significance in the theory and engineering to deceive the jamming signal simulation technology as a technology that can provide low-cost, high-precision, configurable and repeatable deception jamming research and test platform. In this background, the following four aspects of research work are carried out aiming at the problems existing in the current deception jamming signal simulation and the deception jamming detection technology: (1) when the satellite navigation deception jamming signal is simulated, the traditional wideband signal high-precision delay control method has the problems that the time domain and the related domain delay measurement consistency, the delay control complexity and the realization of resource consumption are difficult to balance, The high-precision time-delay control theory of wideband signal based on NCO phase and high-sampling-rate baseband signal waveform generation method based on Hermite interpolation are put forward. The high-precision time-delay control method of the designed broadband navigation signal has the same time-domain and relevant domain delay measurement consistency as the variable fractional delay (VFD) filter method under the requirement of the time-delay control precision of 0.1 ns, and the delay control complexity is the same as that of the conventional NCO method, and (2) when a conventional segmented polynomial method is used to generate a spin Doppler frequency shift of an elastic body receiving navigation signal, In this paper, the simulation generating technology of the body-based micro-motion is proposed, which is based on the micro-motion of the rigid body. By introducing the micro-motion and the micro-Doppler frequency shift into the Doppler frequency shift modeling of the body-receiving signal, and using the self-characteristic parameters of the micro-Doppler frequency shift as an analog generating parameter, the problem that the simulation parameter updating period is too small is effectively solved. The simulation results of the simulation of the spin-Doppler shift of the 100 Hz spin-body are shown in this paper. The results show that the proposed method can meet the error requirement when the update period of the simulation parameter is 100ms, which is much better than that of the traditional piecewise polynomial method. (3) In view of the problems such as the lack of the element array type requirement, the detection algorithm and the detection performance of the deception jamming detection technology based on the antenna array, the array type requirement of the arrival angle of the signal arrival angle is proved by using the algebraic method, The invention provides an antenna array deception jamming detection technology based on a carrier phase double-difference Gaussian quadratic form, and a detection performance analysis method which is limited by a minimum detection threshold and a detection dead zone. The numerical analysis of the detection performance of the n-triangle ternary array shows that at the time of the carrier phase measurement accuracy is 0.01 week, the base line length of the array element is one time, the false alarm rate is 0.01, and the signal which is incident on the arbitrary arrival angle is obtained. The detection blind area with the deception jamming detection probability of less than 0.99 accounts for not more than 6.7% of the total arrival angle area, and good detection performance can be obtained in most cases; (4) Aiming at the problem of high complexity of the current detection technology hardware and the algorithm based on the antenna motion or the antenna array, a rotating antenna deception jamming detection technology based on a carrier phase double-difference generalized likelihood ratio is proposed, And the carrier phase measurement value output by the rotating single/ double-antenna receiving terminal can be directly used for cheating and interference detection. The detection performance of the antenna array method and the proposed rotating antenna method is compared by the same signal incidence to detect the blind area size comparison antenna array method. The results of the analysis show that, at a single detection time of 0.25 Hz, a rotation radius of 0.5 times and a single detection time of 20 seconds, the detection performance of the deception jamming of the rotating single-antenna method has been better than that of the positive triangular three-way array with the baseline length of one wavelength. And the rotating dual-antenna can reduce the detection blind area of 74.6% at the highest compared with the three-way array at a single detection time of only one second. Finally, the research results of the paper and the application of the project are summarized, and the work to be carried out in the next step is expected. The research results have been applied to the development of the core equipment and high-end receiver of the simulation test system of our country's autonomous satellite navigation system.
【学位授予单位】：国防科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN967.1;TN97
本文编号：2434007
[Abstract]:With the wide application of the satellite navigation system in the national economy and the military field, and the rapid development of the electronic technology, the deception jamming has not only become an important threat to the satellite navigation system, but also has the ability to produce disastrous consequences. It can be seen that the research of satellite navigation deception jamming technology has great necessity and urgency. In particular, in the military field, the single antenna or the antenna array receiving terminal mounted on various moving carriers, including the shell, needs to adopt the anti-spoofing technology to ensure the correctness of the output result of the navigation and guidance system during the operation of the carrier. However, it is difficult to carry out the research and test in the actual environment due to the harm of the deception jamming and the complexity of the terminal platform, whether military or civil deception jamming related technology. Therefore, it is of great significance in the theory and engineering to deceive the jamming signal simulation technology as a technology that can provide low-cost, high-precision, configurable and repeatable deception jamming research and test platform. In this background, the following four aspects of research work are carried out aiming at the problems existing in the current deception jamming signal simulation and the deception jamming detection technology: (1) when the satellite navigation deception jamming signal is simulated, the traditional wideband signal high-precision delay control method has the problems that the time domain and the related domain delay measurement consistency, the delay control complexity and the realization of resource consumption are difficult to balance, The high-precision time-delay control theory of wideband signal based on NCO phase and high-sampling-rate baseband signal waveform generation method based on Hermite interpolation are put forward. The high-precision time-delay control method of the designed broadband navigation signal has the same time-domain and relevant domain delay measurement consistency as the variable fractional delay (VFD) filter method under the requirement of the time-delay control precision of 0.1 ns, and the delay control complexity is the same as that of the conventional NCO method, and (2) when a conventional segmented polynomial method is used to generate a spin Doppler frequency shift of an elastic body receiving navigation signal, In this paper, the simulation generating technology of the body-based micro-motion is proposed, which is based on the micro-motion of the rigid body. By introducing the micro-motion and the micro-Doppler frequency shift into the Doppler frequency shift modeling of the body-receiving signal, and using the self-characteristic parameters of the micro-Doppler frequency shift as an analog generating parameter, the problem that the simulation parameter updating period is too small is effectively solved. The simulation results of the simulation of the spin-Doppler shift of the 100 Hz spin-body are shown in this paper. The results show that the proposed method can meet the error requirement when the update period of the simulation parameter is 100ms, which is much better than that of the traditional piecewise polynomial method. (3) In view of the problems such as the lack of the element array type requirement, the detection algorithm and the detection performance of the deception jamming detection technology based on the antenna array, the array type requirement of the arrival angle of the signal arrival angle is proved by using the algebraic method, The invention provides an antenna array deception jamming detection technology based on a carrier phase double-difference Gaussian quadratic form, and a detection performance analysis method which is limited by a minimum detection threshold and a detection dead zone. The numerical analysis of the detection performance of the n-triangle ternary array shows that at the time of the carrier phase measurement accuracy is 0.01 week, the base line length of the array element is one time, the false alarm rate is 0.01, and the signal which is incident on the arbitrary arrival angle is obtained. The detection blind area with the deception jamming detection probability of less than 0.99 accounts for not more than 6.7% of the total arrival angle area, and good detection performance can be obtained in most cases; (4) Aiming at the problem of high complexity of the current detection technology hardware and the algorithm based on the antenna motion or the antenna array, a rotating antenna deception jamming detection technology based on a carrier phase double-difference generalized likelihood ratio is proposed, And the carrier phase measurement value output by the rotating single/ double-antenna receiving terminal can be directly used for cheating and interference detection. The detection performance of the antenna array method and the proposed rotating antenna method is compared by the same signal incidence to detect the blind area size comparison antenna array method. The results of the analysis show that, at a single detection time of 0.25 Hz, a rotation radius of 0.5 times and a single detection time of 20 seconds, the detection performance of the deception jamming of the rotating single-antenna method has been better than that of the positive triangular three-way array with the baseline length of one wavelength. And the rotating dual-antenna can reduce the detection blind area of 74.6% at the highest compared with the three-way array at a single detection time of only one second. Finally, the research results of the paper and the application of the project are summarized, and the work to be carried out in the next step is expected. The research results have been applied to the development of the core equipment and high-end receiver of the simulation test system of our country's autonomous satellite navigation system.
【学位授予单位】：国防科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN967.1;TN97
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