雷达微弱目标检测与跟踪实现技术研究
发布时间：2019-03-31 14:25
【摘要】：雷达微弱目标检测与跟踪一直是警戒雷达研究的热点，而随着的隐身技术高速发展，雷达的检测与跟踪性能不断受到挑战。微弱目标由于雷达截面积小导致回波信号信噪比低而难以被检测，一般通过信号处理的方法来提高信号的信噪比，而一条有效的途径就是对回波信号能量进行长时间积累。它主要分为两种方式：单帧长时间相干累积和多帧非相干累积。 本文主要针对不同特性的雷达微弱目标，分别对两种能量累积方式进行研究，并结合工程实现了一种基于动态规划的检测前跟踪方法。首先以高机动性目标为研究对象，对单帧相干积累方法做了研究。针对长时间积累时速度引起的距离徙动问题，，讨论了Keystone变换的方法；针对加速度引起的频谱扩散问题，讨论了分数阶傅里叶变换方法。然后以弱机动性目标为研究对象，对多帧非相干累积方法做了研究，主要讨论了基于动态规划的检测前跟踪方法。针对传统方法的不足，给出了一种改进的方法：以速度距离构造代价转移函数，估计出目标航迹，再沿航迹累积能量并设置门限进一步确认航迹。仿真及实测数据处理结果验证了改进方法能够有效的提高检测与跟踪性能。最后，结合改进的基于动态规划的检测前跟踪方法介绍了雷达信号处理的工程实现技术，进一步验证了该改进的方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Radar weak target detection and tracking has been a hot spot in the research of alert radar, and with the rapid development of stealth technology, the performance of radar detection and tracking has been constantly challenged. The weak target is difficult to be detected because of the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the echo signal due to the small cross-sectional area of the radar. Generally, the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal is improved by signal processing, and an effective way is to accumulate the energy of the echo signal for a long time. It can be divided into two ways: single frame long-time coherent accumulation and multi-frame noncoherent accumulation. In this paper, two kinds of energy accumulation methods are studied for radar weak targets with different characteristics, and a pre-detection tracking method based on dynamic programming is implemented in combination with engineering. Firstly, the single frame coherent integration method is studied with the high mobility target as the research object. In order to solve the problem of range migration caused by velocity in long time accumulation, the method of Keystone transform is discussed, and the method of fractional Fourier transform is discussed to solve the problem of spectrum diffusion caused by acceleration. Then, taking weak maneuverability target as the research object, the multi-frame incoherent accumulation method is studied, and the pre-detection tracking method based on dynamic programming is mainly discussed. In view of the shortcomings of the traditional method, an improved method is proposed, which is to construct a cost transfer function based on velocity distance, estimate the target track, and then accumulate energy along the track and set a threshold to further confirm the track. Simulation and experimental data processing results show that the improved method can effectively improve the performance of detection and tracking. Finally, combined with the improved pre-detection tracking method based on dynamic programming, the engineering implementation technology of radar signal processing is introduced, and the effectiveness of the improved method is further verified.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN953
本文编号：2450994
[Abstract]:Radar weak target detection and tracking has been a hot spot in the research of alert radar, and with the rapid development of stealth technology, the performance of radar detection and tracking has been constantly challenged. The weak target is difficult to be detected because of the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the echo signal due to the small cross-sectional area of the radar. Generally, the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal is improved by signal processing, and an effective way is to accumulate the energy of the echo signal for a long time. It can be divided into two ways: single frame long-time coherent accumulation and multi-frame noncoherent accumulation. In this paper, two kinds of energy accumulation methods are studied for radar weak targets with different characteristics, and a pre-detection tracking method based on dynamic programming is implemented in combination with engineering. Firstly, the single frame coherent integration method is studied with the high mobility target as the research object. In order to solve the problem of range migration caused by velocity in long time accumulation, the method of Keystone transform is discussed, and the method of fractional Fourier transform is discussed to solve the problem of spectrum diffusion caused by acceleration. Then, taking weak maneuverability target as the research object, the multi-frame incoherent accumulation method is studied, and the pre-detection tracking method based on dynamic programming is mainly discussed. In view of the shortcomings of the traditional method, an improved method is proposed, which is to construct a cost transfer function based on velocity distance, estimate the target track, and then accumulate energy along the track and set a threshold to further confirm the track. Simulation and experimental data processing results show that the improved method can effectively improve the performance of detection and tracking. Finally, combined with the improved pre-detection tracking method based on dynamic programming, the engineering implementation technology of radar signal processing is introduced, and the effectiveness of the improved method is further verified.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN953
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