半球谐振陀螺的结构与误差分析
发布时间：2019-04-15 13:30
【摘要】：由高品质的熔融石英玻璃材料加工而成的半球谐振陀螺是利用半球壳唇沿的径向振动驻波进动效应来感测基座旋转的一种全新的惯导级固态陀螺,因具有高精度、高可靠性和长寿命等独特的优点而受到国内外惯性技术界的高度重视。随着载人航天等空间技术的不断成熟和空间应用需求的扩大,对半球谐振陀螺的精度、稳定性的要求也随之提高,但精度、稳定性和批量化生产是影响半球谐振陀螺卫星应用的重要因素,已经制约了半球谐振陀螺在卫星导航系统中的应用。本文介绍了半球谐振陀螺的特点,国内外发展情况,发展趋势以及应用状况,还简要介绍了半球谐振陀螺的基本原理、结构特征和工作方式。针对半球谐振陀螺在研究工作中存在的问题,分析了陀螺的误差机理与误差源产生主要在器件材料的内部损耗误差、机械加工误差、工艺误差、谐振子壁厚不均匀、三件套装配间隙与电机位置误差、面积偏差以及固有误差等几方面。针对加工工艺与装配产生的误差,不断优化谐振子化学处理、质量调平、电机刻蚀等相关工艺技术;通过改进测试夹具和测试设备、完善测试方法等手段,研究新方法、新工艺等技术创新,减小其误差对陀螺造成的不良影响。针对产生的固有误差包括信号检测误差和随机漂移误差等误差源,通过电平衡测试技术、电路补偿技术和软件处理技术减小或者消除陀螺的误差,提高陀螺的可靠性和精度。
[Abstract]:The hemispherical resonant gyroscope made of high quality fused quartz glass material is a new kind of solid-state gyroscope of inertia level, which uses the standing wave precession effect of radial vibration along the shell lip of the hemisphere to detect the rotation of the base, because of its high precision. The unique advantages of high reliability and long life have been attached great importance to by inertial technology at home and abroad. With the development of space technology such as manned spaceflight and the expansion of space application demand, the precision and stability of hemispherical resonant gyroscope are also improved, but the precision is improved. Stability and mass production are important factors that affect the application of hemispherical resonant gyroscope (HRG), which has restricted the application of HRG in satellite navigation system. In this paper, the characteristics of hemispherical resonant gyroscope, its development at home and abroad, its development trend and its application are introduced. The basic principle, structural characteristics and working mode of hemispherical resonant gyroscope are also briefly introduced. Aiming at the problems existing in the research of hemispherical resonant gyroscope, the error mechanism and error source of the gyroscope are analyzed, which are mainly caused by the internal loss error, machining error, process error and non-uniform wall thickness of the harmonic oscillator. Three parts assembly clearance and motor position error, area deviation and inherent error and so on. Aiming at the error caused by machining technology and assembly, the related technology such as chemical treatment of harmonic oscillator, quality leveling, motor etching and so on are continuously optimized. By means of improving the test fixture and equipment and perfecting the test method, the new method and the new technology innovation are studied to reduce the bad effect of the error on the gyro. In view of the inherent errors, such as signal detection error and random drift error, the error of gyro can be reduced or eliminated by electric balance test, circuit compensation and software processing, and the reliability and precision of gyro can be improved.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN96
[Abstract]:The hemispherical resonant gyroscope made of high quality fused quartz glass material is a new kind of solid-state gyroscope of inertia level, which uses the standing wave precession effect of radial vibration along the shell lip of the hemisphere to detect the rotation of the base, because of its high precision. The unique advantages of high reliability and long life have been attached great importance to by inertial technology at home and abroad. With the development of space technology such as manned spaceflight and the expansion of space application demand, the precision and stability of hemispherical resonant gyroscope are also improved, but the precision is improved. Stability and mass production are important factors that affect the application of hemispherical resonant gyroscope (HRG), which has restricted the application of HRG in satellite navigation system. In this paper, the characteristics of hemispherical resonant gyroscope, its development at home and abroad, its development trend and its application are introduced. The basic principle, structural characteristics and working mode of hemispherical resonant gyroscope are also briefly introduced. Aiming at the problems existing in the research of hemispherical resonant gyroscope, the error mechanism and error source of the gyroscope are analyzed, which are mainly caused by the internal loss error, machining error, process error and non-uniform wall thickness of the harmonic oscillator. Three parts assembly clearance and motor position error, area deviation and inherent error and so on. Aiming at the error caused by machining technology and assembly, the related technology such as chemical treatment of harmonic oscillator, quality leveling, motor etching and so on are continuously optimized. By means of improving the test fixture and equipment and perfecting the test method, the new method and the new technology innovation are studied to reduce the bad effect of the error on the gyro. In view of the inherent errors, such as signal detection error and random drift error, the error of gyro can be reduced or eliminated by electric balance test, circuit compensation and software processing, and the reliability and precision of gyro can be improved.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN96
【共引文献】
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2 谭立龙;陈志翔;仲启媛;张志利;李帅;;陀螺寻北仪改进的步进迭代法[J];电光与控制;2015年11期
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