相控阵雷达多波束形成技术研究

发布时间：2019-05-08 12:47

【摘要】：相控阵雷达问世以来,突出的优越性使它获得了快速的发展。相控阵雷达能够形成同时多波束实现快速扫描探测空域并且还可以根据实际环境灵活的控制波束形状,这些特点使其不仅在雷达领域,同时也在通信、航空导航领域快速的得到应用并不断取得进展。现今,相控阵雷达多波束形成技术特别是数字多波束形成技术(DBF)已越来越多的得到国内外研究机构和学者的重视并进行研究。为了了解相控阵雷达多波束技术的现状以及形成方式、实际工程实现中遇到的难题,本文主要做了以下工作:1.详细的介绍相控阵雷达的产生背景、发展历史及现状,并阐述了相控阵雷达形成多个发射/接收波束的意义。2.分别介绍了相控阵雷达传统多波束形成方式以及数字多波束形成方式。传统多波束形成方式主要有两种,射频多波束形成和中频多波束形成。接着,本文从数字多波束的基本原理出发,研究了雷达线性阵列模型及其基础上的多波束方向图函数。最后介绍了多波束在实际中的应用。3.在DBF基本原理的基础上,并兼顾发射/接收多波束形成技术,本文详细分析了以下几种DBF算法:FFT多波束形成算法,分子阵级别的的多波束形成算法,自适应多波束算法。最后,结合理论推导和Matlab仿真,本文详细对比分析了三种算法各自特点以及优劣之处。4.作为引起雷达系统非线性.失真的一个很重要的因素,本文在最后章节研究了射频功放对多波束形成的影响。基于功率放大器典型数学模型,本文先推导了功放输入输出信号的数学关系式,然后分别讨论了功放在输入恒包络和非恒包络载波时功放的期望信号和干扰分量。通过Matlab仿真,分别分析了功放在恒包络和非恒包络输入信号的情况下对多波束形成造成的影响,因此,分析结果可以作为选用功放的一个指导。
[Abstract]:Since the advent of phased array radar (phased array radar), it has achieved rapid development due to its outstanding advantages. Phased array radar (phased array radar) is capable of forming simultaneous multi-beam to realize fast scanning in detecting airspace, and it can also control beam shape flexibly according to the actual environment. These characteristics make it not only in radar field, but also in communication. The field of aeronautical navigation has been applied rapidly and has made great progress. Nowadays, phased array radar multi-beam forming technology, especially digital multi-beam forming technology (DBF), has been paid more and more attention and studied by domestic and foreign research institutions and scholars. In order to understand the present situation and forming mode of phased array radar multi-beam technology and the difficult problems encountered in practical engineering implementation, the main work of this paper is as follows: 1. The background, development history and present situation of phased array radar are introduced in detail, and the significance of forming multiple transmit / receive beams by phased array radar is expounded. The traditional multi-beam forming and digital multi-beam forming of phased array radar are introduced respectively. There are two kinds of traditional multi-beam forming methods, radio frequency multi-beam forming and intermediate frequency multi-beam forming. Then, based on the basic principle of digital multi-beam, the linear array model of radar and its multi-beam pattern function are studied in this paper. Finally, the application of multi-beam in practice is introduced. 3. Based on the basic principle of DBF and taking into account the transmit / receive multi-beam forming technology, this paper analyzes the following DBF algorithms in detail: FFT multi-beam forming algorithm, multi-beam forming algorithm at molecular array level, and adaptive multi-beam algorithm. Finally, combined with theoretical derivation and Matlab simulation, this paper compares and analyzes the characteristics and advantages and disadvantages of the three algorithms in detail. 4. As the cause of radar system nonlinearity. As an important factor of distortion, the influence of RF power amplifier on multi-beam forming is studied in the last chapter of this paper. Based on the typical mathematical model of the power amplifier, this paper first deduces the mathematical relation of the input and output signals of the amplifier, and then discusses the expected signal and the interference component of the amplifier when the input constant envelope carrier and the non-constant envelope carrier are respectively discussed. Through Matlab simulation, the influence of power amplifier on multi-beam forming under constant envelope and non-constant envelope input signal is analyzed respectively. Therefore, the analysis result can be used as a guide for selecting power amplifier.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN958.92

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