多跳水声传感器网络MAC协议性能分析研究
发布时间：2019-05-10 14:34
【摘要】：水下传感器网络研究已变得越来越重要,其拥有广泛的应用领域,如海军战术监视、海洋数据采集、近海勘探以及灾难预防等。由于在海水中无线电和光波严重衰减,声通信技术是水下传感网采用的典型物理层通信技术,也就是水声传感网络(UASNs)。然而,水下声波速度仅约为1500 m/s,比无线电传播速度低五个数量级。而水中声信道带宽仅为无线电信道的千分之一。因此,相比无线传感网(WSNs),UASNs具有传播延迟长和可用带宽有限等特点,这对网络协议栈和应用设计提出极大挑战。与WSNs相似,媒体访问控制(MAC)协议在UASNs中扮演了重要的角色,直接影响着网络整体性能。当前,对于UASNs中MAC协议的理论分析研究多关注于单跳拓扑。然而,多跳网络实用性更高,并能提供更大的覆盖范围。因此,本文将研究多跳拓扑上信道访问协议的性能。本文的具体内容研究如下:首先,本文针对一个已有的Aloha协议性能分析模型进行研究,该模型隐含地假设一个节点可以同时发出两个数据包,而这与水声信道的半双工特性不符。基于这个发现,本文提出了一个改进的分析模型并通过NS-3构造仿真实验对其进行验证。仿真显示,改进的分析模型比原模型更精确。其次,本文提出了一个Slotted Aloha协议性能分析模型,并证明其传输服从独立的伯努利过程。通过分析网络利用率的上界,本文进一步获得了针对特定负载最大发挥网络性能的最佳节点数。分析与仿真数据表明,该模型具有很高的精确性。通过分析发现,Aloha协议和Slotted Aloha协议更适用于负载较轻的网络。
[Abstract]:The research of underwater sensor networks has become more and more important, and it has a wide range of applications, such as naval tactical surveillance, marine data acquisition, offshore exploration and disaster prevention. Due to the serious attenuation of radio and light waves in seawater, acoustic communication technology is a typical physical layer communication technology used in underwater sensor networks, that is, underwater acoustic sensor network (UASNs). However, the underwater acoustic velocity is only about 1500 m / s, which is five orders of magnitude lower than the radio propagation speed. The bandwidth of underwater acoustic channel is only 1/1000 of that of wireless channel. Therefore, compared with the wireless sensor network (WSNs), UASNs, it has the characteristics of long propagation delay and limited available bandwidth, which poses a great challenge to the network protocol stack and application design. Similar to WSNs, media access control (MAC) protocol plays an important role in UASNs, which directly affects the overall performance of the network. At present, the theoretical analysis of MAC protocol in UASNs focuses on single hop topology. However, multi-hop network is more practical and can provide greater coverage. Therefore, this paper will study the performance of channel access protocols on multi-hop topology. The specific contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, this paper studies an existing Aloha protocol performance analysis model, which implicitly assumes that one node can send two packets at the same time. This is not consistent with the half-duplex characteristics of underwater acoustic channel. Based on this discovery, an improved analysis model is proposed and verified by NS-3 construction simulation experiment. The simulation results show that the improved analysis model is more accurate than the original model. Secondly, this paper proposes a performance analysis model of Slotted Aloha protocol, and proves that its transmission obeys the independent Bernoulli process. By analyzing the upper bound of network utilization, the optimal number of nodes to maximize network performance for specific loads is obtained in this paper. The analysis and simulation data show that the model has high accuracy. Through the analysis, it is found that Aloha protocol and Slotted Aloha protocol are more suitable for networks with light load.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.3
本文编号：2473724
[Abstract]:The research of underwater sensor networks has become more and more important, and it has a wide range of applications, such as naval tactical surveillance, marine data acquisition, offshore exploration and disaster prevention. Due to the serious attenuation of radio and light waves in seawater, acoustic communication technology is a typical physical layer communication technology used in underwater sensor networks, that is, underwater acoustic sensor network (UASNs). However, the underwater acoustic velocity is only about 1500 m / s, which is five orders of magnitude lower than the radio propagation speed. The bandwidth of underwater acoustic channel is only 1/1000 of that of wireless channel. Therefore, compared with the wireless sensor network (WSNs), UASNs, it has the characteristics of long propagation delay and limited available bandwidth, which poses a great challenge to the network protocol stack and application design. Similar to WSNs, media access control (MAC) protocol plays an important role in UASNs, which directly affects the overall performance of the network. At present, the theoretical analysis of MAC protocol in UASNs focuses on single hop topology. However, multi-hop network is more practical and can provide greater coverage. Therefore, this paper will study the performance of channel access protocols on multi-hop topology. The specific contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, this paper studies an existing Aloha protocol performance analysis model, which implicitly assumes that one node can send two packets at the same time. This is not consistent with the half-duplex characteristics of underwater acoustic channel. Based on this discovery, an improved analysis model is proposed and verified by NS-3 construction simulation experiment. The simulation results show that the improved analysis model is more accurate than the original model. Secondly, this paper proposes a performance analysis model of Slotted Aloha protocol, and proves that its transmission obeys the independent Bernoulli process. By analyzing the upper bound of network utilization, the optimal number of nodes to maximize network performance for specific loads is obtained in this paper. The analysis and simulation data show that the model has high accuracy. Through the analysis, it is found that Aloha protocol and Slotted Aloha protocol are more suitable for networks with light load.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.3
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 周密;崔勇;徐兴福;杨旭宁;;水声传感网MAC协议综述[J];计算机科学;2011年09期
，本文编号：2473724
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