基于仿生学的末制导雷达智能波形捷变与调度
发布时间：2019-05-12 17:48
【摘要】：末制导雷达是现代雷达的一项关键应用,其信号处理结果直接关系到最终对目标的打击效果。随着当今战场环境复杂度日益提高,对末制导雷达的检测、识别、跟踪、抗干扰、抗截获等技术提出了更高的要求。在自然界中,蝙蝠在捕食猎物时,采用了CF+FM的波形体制,CF信号易于实现动目标探测以及通过目标的微多普勒变化进行目标识别,FM则有较好的距离分辨能力可以对目标进行精确定位。依据这一生物学现象,本论文针对现有的PT?SF(脉冲串频率步进)信号、FM?SF(调频非线性步进)信号进行重点研究,分析了波形的性能特点、重点解决了参数设计问题,最终采用基于距离远近的组合波形体制,同时研究了目标位置预测跟踪算法。本文的工作重点和主要贡献如下:1.对蝙蝠捕食过程做了深入研究,对其发射波形进行了简要分析,并且对其在捕食不同阶段波形的变化进行了讨论,从模糊函数的角度,研究了蝙蝠捕食采用的复合波形体制,分析表明蝙蝠可以根据相对距离的变化相应的调整发射波形,这也为本文后续基于距离段的波形参数设计提供了研究依据。2.参考蝙蝠捕食的生物学现象,考虑到末制导雷达在远距离段上对目标探测性能的需求,研究了PT?SF的设计原理,从脉冲参数和重频库两个方面进行详细介绍。给出了距离解算可信度与测距精度的关系,结合抗距离遮挡的措施,确定高重频PT?SF的设计流程,并通过相关仿真分析验证了设计方法的有效性。3.参考蝙蝠捕食的生物学现象,根据末制导雷达在近距离段上对目标探测性能的需求,研究了FM?NLSF设计原理,以降低回波信号接收后存在的栅副瓣影响作为切入点,对现有抑制栅副瓣的方法进行详细研究,并通过窗函数逼近原理来确定非线性的步进频点,最后根据仿真结果验证了设计方法的可行性。4.从搜索跟踪模式、坐标转换、导弹和目标的运动模型、跟踪滤波等方面介绍了末制导雷达的相关技术。重点研究了广义容积卡尔曼滤波算法,该算法克服了传统容积卡尔曼难以构造高阶容积卡尔曼方程和估计精度低的缺点。5.最后根据上述研究,首先对前面研究的波形设计方法,在GUI集成环境下,根据需求输入进行波形参数的设计。此外本论文在弹载末制导拦截场景下对组合波形与单一的波形体制进行仿真比较,通过脱靶量和飞行时间验证了组合波形比单一的波形体制具有更好的拦截效果。
[Abstract]:Terminal guidance radar is a key application of modern radar, and its signal processing results are directly related to the final strike effect on the target. With the increasing complexity of battlefield environment, the detection, identification, tracking, anti-interference, anti-interception and other technologies of terminal guidance radar are put forward higher requirements. In nature, bats use CF FM waveform system when hunting prey, CF signal is easy to achieve moving target detection and target recognition through the micro-Doppler change of the target. FM has better range resolution ability to locate the target accurately. According to this biological phenomenon, this paper focuses on the existing PT?SF (pulse train frequency stepping) signal and FM?SF (frequency modulation nonlinear stepping) signal, analyzes the performance characteristics of the waveform, and solves the problem of parameter design. Finally, the combined waveform system based on distance and distance is adopted, and the target position prediction and tracking algorithm is studied at the same time. The main points of work and main contributions of this paper are as follows: 1. In this paper, the predation process of bats is deeply studied, the emission waveforms of bats are briefly analyzed, and the changes of waveforms in different stages of predation are discussed. From the point of view of fuzzy function, the compound waveform system used in bat predation is studied. The analysis shows that bats can adjust the emission waveform according to the change of relative distance, which also provides the research basis for the design of waveform parameters based on distance section in this paper. 2. Referring to the biological phenomenon of bat predation and considering the demand of terminal guidance radar for target detection performance in long distance, the design principle of PT?SF is studied, and the pulse parameters and repetition frequency database are introduced in detail. The relationship between the reliability of distance solution and ranging accuracy is given. Combined with the measures of anti-range occlusion, the design flow of high repetition frequency PT?SF is determined, and the effectiveness of the design method is verified by relevant simulation analysis. Referring to the biological phenomenon of bat predation, according to the demand of terminal guidance radar for target detection performance in close range, the design principle of FM?NLSF is studied, and the influence of gate sidelobe after receiving echo signal is taken as the starting point. The existing methods to suppress the gate sidelobe are studied in detail, and the nonlinear step frequency points are determined by the window function approximation principle. Finally, the feasibility of the design method is verified according to the simulation results. 4. The related technologies of terminal guidance radar are introduced from the aspects of search and tracking mode, coordinate transformation, motion model of missile and target, tracking filtering and so on. The generalized volume Kalman filter algorithm is studied in detail, which overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional volume Kalman algorithm, which is difficult to construct high-order volume Kalman equation and has low estimation accuracy. 5. Finally, according to the above research, first of all, in the GUI integrated environment, the waveform parameters are designed according to the demand input. In addition, in the missile-borne terminal guidance interception scenario, the combined waveform is simulated and compared with a single waveform system. The results show that the combined waveform has a better interception effect than the single waveform system through miss distance and time-of-flight.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN959.21
本文编号：2475579
[Abstract]:Terminal guidance radar is a key application of modern radar, and its signal processing results are directly related to the final strike effect on the target. With the increasing complexity of battlefield environment, the detection, identification, tracking, anti-interference, anti-interception and other technologies of terminal guidance radar are put forward higher requirements. In nature, bats use CF FM waveform system when hunting prey, CF signal is easy to achieve moving target detection and target recognition through the micro-Doppler change of the target. FM has better range resolution ability to locate the target accurately. According to this biological phenomenon, this paper focuses on the existing PT?SF (pulse train frequency stepping) signal and FM?SF (frequency modulation nonlinear stepping) signal, analyzes the performance characteristics of the waveform, and solves the problem of parameter design. Finally, the combined waveform system based on distance and distance is adopted, and the target position prediction and tracking algorithm is studied at the same time. The main points of work and main contributions of this paper are as follows: 1. In this paper, the predation process of bats is deeply studied, the emission waveforms of bats are briefly analyzed, and the changes of waveforms in different stages of predation are discussed. From the point of view of fuzzy function, the compound waveform system used in bat predation is studied. The analysis shows that bats can adjust the emission waveform according to the change of relative distance, which also provides the research basis for the design of waveform parameters based on distance section in this paper. 2. Referring to the biological phenomenon of bat predation and considering the demand of terminal guidance radar for target detection performance in long distance, the design principle of PT?SF is studied, and the pulse parameters and repetition frequency database are introduced in detail. The relationship between the reliability of distance solution and ranging accuracy is given. Combined with the measures of anti-range occlusion, the design flow of high repetition frequency PT?SF is determined, and the effectiveness of the design method is verified by relevant simulation analysis. Referring to the biological phenomenon of bat predation, according to the demand of terminal guidance radar for target detection performance in close range, the design principle of FM?NLSF is studied, and the influence of gate sidelobe after receiving echo signal is taken as the starting point. The existing methods to suppress the gate sidelobe are studied in detail, and the nonlinear step frequency points are determined by the window function approximation principle. Finally, the feasibility of the design method is verified according to the simulation results. 4. The related technologies of terminal guidance radar are introduced from the aspects of search and tracking mode, coordinate transformation, motion model of missile and target, tracking filtering and so on. The generalized volume Kalman filter algorithm is studied in detail, which overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional volume Kalman algorithm, which is difficult to construct high-order volume Kalman equation and has low estimation accuracy. 5. Finally, according to the above research, first of all, in the GUI integrated environment, the waveform parameters are designed according to the demand input. In addition, in the missile-borne terminal guidance interception scenario, the combined waveform is simulated and compared with a single waveform system. The results show that the combined waveform has a better interception effect than the single waveform system through miss distance and time-of-flight.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN959.21
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