基于高密度表面肌电的吞咽功能评价方法研究
发布时间：2019-05-27 05:25
【摘要】：吞咽障碍是脑中风、脑外伤等多种常见疾病的并发症,严重的影响着患者的健康和生活质量。由于吞咽过程的本质是半自主的肌肉活动,所以,随着先进的表面肌电采集技术以及信号处理技术的发展,表面肌肉电信号(Surface electromyography, sEMG)在吞咽过程的分析中,因为其无创性和安全性而受到了广泛的关注。研究表明,吞咽障碍并不是与吞咽相关的神经受损导致所有肌肉不能正常收缩的结果,可能是由于单个或部分肌肉得不到有效神经控制,而不能正确收缩的结果。但是传统的使用少数电极进行吞咽过程肌电信号的分析技术并不能做到对受损肌肉进行针对性检查,临床康复训练的效果并不理想。因此,本文利用多电极、高密度肌电电极阵列,全面、深入了解各种吞咽过程的电生理信息,对吞咽功能做出准确的诊断和评价,通过对动态肌电信息的分析与比较,进而了解引起吞咽障碍的受损肌群,提高其治疗的针对性。但是,肌电产生自肌肉内部,在肌电从产生传递到皮肤表面的过程中,不同来源的肌电信号发生了混叠,导致了高密度表面肌电信号低下的空间分辨率和特异性,难以获得有效信息。在吞咽过程中,由于其涉及的肌肉之间距离接近,并且距离皮肤表面较深,混叠的影响尤其大。为了利用高密度分析方法的优势克服表面肌电存在的弊端,更好的对吞咽功能进行评估,本文使用了动态表面肌电电势图、盲源分离和溯源定位三类方法,分别从时间和空间两个方面进行分析,得到了吞咽相关肌肉活动的完整动态电生理信息、初步了解了吞咽过程中吞咽肌群的协同工作模式、初步确定了引起吞咽异常或障碍的受损肌群,为吞咽功能障碍患者提供更加准确、无创的吞咽功能检测和评估手段。
[Abstract]:Dysphagia is a complication of many common diseases, such as cerebral apoplexy, brain trauma and so on, which seriously affects the health and quality of life of patients. Because the essence of swallowing process is semi-autonomous muscle activity, with the development of advanced surface EMG acquisition technology and signal processing technology, surface muscle electrical signal (Surface electromyography, sEMG) is in the analysis of swallowing process. Because of its noninvasive and safety, it has received extensive attention. Studies have shown that dysphagia is not the result of abnormal contraction of all muscles caused by nerve damage associated with swallowing, but may be due to the lack of effective neural control and incorrect contraction of single or partial muscles. However, the traditional analysis technique of EMG signals during swallowing with a few electrodes can not carry on the targeted examination to the damaged muscles, and the effect of clinical rehabilitation training is not ideal. Therefore, in this paper, the electrophysiological information of various swallowing processes is comprehensively and deeply understood by using multi-electrode and high density EMG electrode array, and the swallowing function is accurately diagnosed and evaluated, and the dynamic EMG information is analyzed and compared. Then understand the damaged muscle group which causes dysphagia and improve the pertinence of its treatment. However, EMG is generated from within the muscle, and in the process of EMG being transmitted to the surface of the skin, the EMG signals from different sources are mixed, which leads to the low spatial resolution and specificity of the EMG signal on the high density surface. It is difficult to obtain effective information. In the process of swallowing, because the distance between the muscles involved is close and the distance from the skin surface is deep, the influence of aliasing is especially great. In order to overcome the disadvantages of surface EMG and evaluate the swallowing function better by using the advantages of high density analysis method, three kinds of methods, dynamic surface EMG, blind source separation and traceability location, are used in this paper. Through the analysis of time and space, the complete dynamic electrophysiological information of swallowing related muscle activity was obtained, and the cooperative working mode of swallowing muscle group during swallowing was preliminarily understood. The damaged muscle groups causing abnormal or disordered swallowing were preliminarily determined, which provided a more accurate and noninvasive method for the detection and evaluation of swallowing function in patients with dysphagia.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R49;TN911.6
，
本文编号：2485928
[Abstract]:Dysphagia is a complication of many common diseases, such as cerebral apoplexy, brain trauma and so on, which seriously affects the health and quality of life of patients. Because the essence of swallowing process is semi-autonomous muscle activity, with the development of advanced surface EMG acquisition technology and signal processing technology, surface muscle electrical signal (Surface electromyography, sEMG) is in the analysis of swallowing process. Because of its noninvasive and safety, it has received extensive attention. Studies have shown that dysphagia is not the result of abnormal contraction of all muscles caused by nerve damage associated with swallowing, but may be due to the lack of effective neural control and incorrect contraction of single or partial muscles. However, the traditional analysis technique of EMG signals during swallowing with a few electrodes can not carry on the targeted examination to the damaged muscles, and the effect of clinical rehabilitation training is not ideal. Therefore, in this paper, the electrophysiological information of various swallowing processes is comprehensively and deeply understood by using multi-electrode and high density EMG electrode array, and the swallowing function is accurately diagnosed and evaluated, and the dynamic EMG information is analyzed and compared. Then understand the damaged muscle group which causes dysphagia and improve the pertinence of its treatment. However, EMG is generated from within the muscle, and in the process of EMG being transmitted to the surface of the skin, the EMG signals from different sources are mixed, which leads to the low spatial resolution and specificity of the EMG signal on the high density surface. It is difficult to obtain effective information. In the process of swallowing, because the distance between the muscles involved is close and the distance from the skin surface is deep, the influence of aliasing is especially great. In order to overcome the disadvantages of surface EMG and evaluate the swallowing function better by using the advantages of high density analysis method, three kinds of methods, dynamic surface EMG, blind source separation and traceability location, are used in this paper. Through the analysis of time and space, the complete dynamic electrophysiological information of swallowing related muscle activity was obtained, and the cooperative working mode of swallowing muscle group during swallowing was preliminarily understood. The damaged muscle groups causing abnormal or disordered swallowing were preliminarily determined, which provided a more accurate and noninvasive method for the detection and evaluation of swallowing function in patients with dysphagia.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R49;TN911.6
，
本文编号：2485928
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