一种能耗均匀的WSN分簇路由协议研究与设计

发布时间：2019-06-12 12:57

【摘要】：无线传感器网络是由监测区域内部署的大量廉价微型传感器节点通过自组织方式组成,节点之间协同完成网络的数据传输.由于传感器节点的能量、计算能力和通信能力等都十分有限,因此,设计一个好的路由协议对无线传感器网络来说十分重要,如何降低无线传感器网络的能耗以及延长网络的生命周期则是其首要目标,针对目前一些路由协议存在的耗能不均衡问题,本文提出了EBUCRP(能耗均衡的非均匀分簇路由协议).本协议设计了基于分块的网络模型,在分簇方面采用了非均匀分簇的思想,解决了簇间多跳时带来的网络"热点"问题;在簇间通信方式上,本协议适用多跳转发的方式.本文引入了路由选择指标和簇头路由指数两个概念,其中前者主要是从源节点的角度出发,选择网络开销较少的路由节点,后者主要是从路由节点的角度出发,根据自己的负载度来回复源节点的申请.这种通信方式不仅能减少能量消耗,同时又可以均衡网络负载,从而达到均衡能耗的目的,延长整个网络的生命周期.仿真实验表明,本文提出的路由协议在均衡网络能耗方面有显著的优势,尤其在大规模的网络下,能够显著的延长网络寿命.
[Abstract]:The wireless sensor network is a large number of low-cost micro-sensor nodes deployed in the monitoring area. Because the energy, computing power and communication ability of the sensor nodes are very limited, it is important to design a good routing protocol to the wireless sensor network, how to reduce the energy consumption of the wireless sensor network and prolong the life cycle of the network is its primary goal, In order to solve the problem of energy dissipation in some routing protocols, this paper puts forward the EBUCRP (non-uniform clustering routing protocol of energy consumption balance). In this paper, a block-based network model is designed, and the idea of non-uniform clustering is adopted in the clustering, so as to solve the network "hot spot" problem caused by the multi-hop among the clusters; and in the inter-cluster communication mode, the protocol is applicable to the mode of multi-hop forwarding. In this paper, two concepts of route selection index and cluster head routing index are introduced, in which the former is mainly from the point of source node, and the routing node with less network overhead is selected. The latter is mainly from the point of view of the routing node and replies to the source node's application according to its load. The communication method not only can reduce energy consumption, but also can balance network load, thereby achieving the purpose of balancing energy consumption and prolonging the life cycle of the whole network. The simulation experiments show that the proposed routing protocol has significant advantages in balancing network energy consumption, especially under the large-scale network, and can obviously prolong the service life of the network.
【作者单位】：东北大学信息科学与工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(61173153)资助
【分类号】：TN929.5;TP212.9

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