卫星光通信系统中反射式光学天线优化设计

发布时间：2019-06-13 19:10

【摘要】：随着新型光束控制器、超稳激光器、高数据率接收器和适于空间应用的先进通信电子设备的研究逐渐成熟和应用，卫星光通信技术迅速发展起来。卫星光通信技术是以激光作为载体在星间、星地之间建立高速、大容量的数据通信链路。与微波通信相比，卫星光通信的主要优点是：体积小、重量轻、信息容量大和抗干扰能力强等。对于点对点的卫星光通信系统而言，光学天线是卫星光通信系统的关键部件，它直接影响着激光链路的链接，大视场的光学系统可以有效的减小链路连接的时间，因此研究适用于卫星光通信的大视场光学系统设计具有重要的意义。本文的研究对象是卫星光通信终端的光学系统，以设计大视场的卫星光通信光学系统为研究目标，通过理论分析与仿真相结合的方法，设计了适用于卫星光通信的大视场光学系统。其主要内容如下：首先，对国内外卫星光通信终端的光学系统研究进展及参数指标进行了概述，对典型的两镜系统和三镜系统的理论进行了必要的阐述，比较了卫星光通信终端常用的几种光学系统。其次，基于一般情况下卫星光通信收发系统共用的特点，推导了适用于此光学系统的像差表达以及消像差条件，总结了卫星光通信光学天线设计的特点。以消像差条件为依据，设计了两种不同遮挡比的同轴两反光学系统。对所设计的系统进行了像质评价并对这两种光学系统进行了对比。再次，以同轴两反光学系统为基础，设计出焦距为500mm，通光口径为100mm，视场为3mrad的无遮挡的离轴两反射式光学系统。最后，由于两反系统自由参数少，视场和像差校正之间存在矛盾，限制进一步提高两反系统的视场，研究了三反射式光学系统，给出了由轮廓尺寸系数求结构尺寸的关系，设计出焦距为500mm，通光口径为100mm，视场为1.21.2的无遮挡的离轴三反射式光学系统，，对所设计的系统进行了像质评价。
[Abstract]:With the research and application of new beam controller, ultra-stable laser, high data rate receiver and advanced communication electronic equipment suitable for space applications, satellite optical communication technology has developed rapidly. Satellite optical communication technology uses laser as carrier to establish high speed and large capacity data communication link between stars and ground. Compared with microwave communication, the main advantages of satellite optical communication are small volume, light weight, large information capacity and strong anti-interference ability. For point-to-point satellite optical communication system, optical antenna is the key component of satellite optical communication system, which directly affects the link of laser link. Optical system with large field of view can effectively reduce the connection time of link. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the design of large field of view optical system suitable for satellite optical communication. The research object of this paper is the optical system of satellite optical communication terminal. Taking the design of satellite optical communication optical system with large field of view as the research goal, a large field of view optical system suitable for satellite optical communication is designed by combining theoretical analysis and simulation. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the research progress and parameter index of optical system of satellite optical communication terminal at home and abroad are summarized, the theory of typical two-mirror system and three-mirror system is expounded, and several kinds of optical systems commonly used in satellite optical communication terminal are compared. Secondly, based on the common characteristics of satellite optical communication transceiver system, the aberration expression and subtraction conditions suitable for this optical system are derived, and the characteristics of satellite optical communication optical antenna design are summarized. Two coaxial and two anti-optical systems with different occlusion ratios are designed based on the distortion cancellation condition. The image quality of the designed system is evaluated and the two optical systems are compared. Thirdly, based on the coaxial two-reflection optical system, an off-axis two-reflection optical system with focal length of 500mm, light aperture of 100mm and field of view of 3mrad is designed. Finally, because the free parameters of the two inverse systems are few, there is a contradiction between the field of view and the distortion correction, the field of view of the two inverse systems is further improved, and the three-reflection optical system is studied. the relationship between the structural dimensions of the three-reflection optical system with focal length of 500 mm, optical aperture of 100 mm and field of view of 1.21.2 is designed, and the image quality of the designed system is evaluated.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TN927.2

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