收发数字波束形成系统设计与实现
发布时间：2019-06-20 22:26
【摘要】：数字波束形成是阵列天线波束形成原理和数字信号处理相结合的产物。与传统波束形成方法相比,数字波束形成具有精度高、控制灵活等优点,可显著提高波束形成效率。随着数字信号处理技术的不断提高,数字波束形成技术的应用越来越广泛。本文设计并实现了收发数字波束形成系统,从原理分析到具体实现,本文的研究工作主要集中于以下几点:1.从相控阵天线基本原理出发,仿真分析了均匀线阵和面阵天线方向图,分别讨论了阵元数、阵元间距以及工作波长对线阵天线方向图性能的影响。同时针对接收数字波束形成系统讨论了汉宁窗加权、三角形窗加权、泰勒窗加权等几种不同幅度加权方式在降低副瓣电平提升天线方向图性能方面的效果,并根据系统要求最终选取泰勒窗加权作为本次接收数字波束形成系统的加权方案。2.以直接数字合成(DDS)技术为核心设计了发射数字波束形成系统。针对阵列天线多通道波束形成特点,分析了发射通道间幅相误差对波束形成性能的影响,同时结合系统需求设计了开环法和闭环法幅相误差校正方案,并根据实际校正过程和校正效果分析对比了这两种方法。3.分析了接收数字波束形成算法并以FPGA为硬件基础完成了接收数字波束形成的系统设计。针对接收通道的幅相误差,设计了有效的误差校正方案,其通过采用同一路T/R组件作为发射端、不同被测通道的T/R组件作为接收端、发射信号通过衰减器直接耦合回被测通道的方式,在保证回波信号相同的情况下准确测试出了通道间的幅相差。4.设计了天线方向图测试方案,分别对本次发射、接收数字波束形成的效果进行了现场测试。测试结果表明,本次收发数字波束形成系统设计方案是可行的。
[Abstract]:Digital beamforming is the product of the combination of array antenna beamforming principle and digital signal processing. Compared with the traditional beamforming method, digital beamforming has the advantages of high precision and flexible control, and can significantly improve the beamforming efficiency. With the continuous improvement of digital signal processing technology, digital beamforming technology is more and more widely used. In this paper, the transceiver digital beamforming system is designed and implemented. From the principle analysis to the concrete implementation, the research work of this paper mainly focuses on the following points: 1. Based on the basic principle of phased array antenna, the pattern of uniform linear array and area array antenna is simulated and analyzed, and the effects of array element number, array element spacing and working wavelength on the performance of linear array antenna are discussed respectively. At the same time, the effects of several different amplitude weighting methods, such as Hanning window weighting, triangular window weighting and Taylor window weighting, on reducing the sidelobe level to improve the antenna pattern performance are discussed for the received digital beamforming system. According to the requirements of the system, Taylor window weighting is finally selected as the weighting scheme of the received digital beamforming system. 2. A transmit digital beamforming system is designed based on direct digital synthesis (DDS) technology. According to the characteristics of multi-channel beamforming of array antenna, the influence of amplitude and phase error between transmit channels on beamforming performance is analyzed. At the same time, the amplitude and phase error correction schemes of open loop method and closed loop method are designed according to the requirements of the system, and the two methods are analyzed and compared according to the actual correction process and correction effect. The receiving digital beamforming algorithm is analyzed and the system design of received digital beamforming is completed based on FPGA. Aiming at the amplitude and phase error of the receiving channel, an effective error correction scheme is designed. The amplitude difference between the channels is accurately measured by using the same T 鈮，
本文编号：2503558
[Abstract]:Digital beamforming is the product of the combination of array antenna beamforming principle and digital signal processing. Compared with the traditional beamforming method, digital beamforming has the advantages of high precision and flexible control, and can significantly improve the beamforming efficiency. With the continuous improvement of digital signal processing technology, digital beamforming technology is more and more widely used. In this paper, the transceiver digital beamforming system is designed and implemented. From the principle analysis to the concrete implementation, the research work of this paper mainly focuses on the following points: 1. Based on the basic principle of phased array antenna, the pattern of uniform linear array and area array antenna is simulated and analyzed, and the effects of array element number, array element spacing and working wavelength on the performance of linear array antenna are discussed respectively. At the same time, the effects of several different amplitude weighting methods, such as Hanning window weighting, triangular window weighting and Taylor window weighting, on reducing the sidelobe level to improve the antenna pattern performance are discussed for the received digital beamforming system. According to the requirements of the system, Taylor window weighting is finally selected as the weighting scheme of the received digital beamforming system. 2. A transmit digital beamforming system is designed based on direct digital synthesis (DDS) technology. According to the characteristics of multi-channel beamforming of array antenna, the influence of amplitude and phase error between transmit channels on beamforming performance is analyzed. At the same time, the amplitude and phase error correction schemes of open loop method and closed loop method are designed according to the requirements of the system, and the two methods are analyzed and compared according to the actual correction process and correction effect. The receiving digital beamforming algorithm is analyzed and the system design of received digital beamforming is completed based on FPGA. Aiming at the amplitude and phase error of the receiving channel, an effective error correction scheme is designed. The amplitude difference between the channels is accurately measured by using the same T 鈮，
本文编号：2503558
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