宽带圆极化平面反射阵的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-01-02 02:33

本文关键词：宽带圆极化平面反射阵的研究与设计　出处：《北京交通大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：平面反射阵天线因其高增益、低剖面、低损耗和易加工等优点,已被广泛应用于深空探测、雷达和卫星通信等领域。但反射阵的缺点是工作带宽窄,因此自从反射阵的概念提出后就有大量研究集中在展宽其工作带宽方面。如今线极化反射阵的双频、多频技术以及宽带技术均已有很多成熟的设计方案,而由于圆极化反射阵的工作机理不同于线极化反射阵,分析起来较复杂,因此目前针对圆极化宽带技术的研究还比较少。然而,相比于线极化天线,圆极化天线的抗干扰性更强,更适用于各种恶劣环境,应用也越来越广泛,因此对圆极化反射阵的研究非常必要。本文的主要工作和创新点如下：1.提出了将旋转角度法应用于尺寸固定的交叉振子单元设计圆极化反射阵的方法,并同时设计了固定角度但变尺寸的交叉振子反射阵作为对比,结果证实了采用旋转交叉振子设计的圆极化反射阵具有更宽的工作带宽和更低的交叉极化电平。2.提出了两种带支节的新型圆环宽带圆极化单元结构,对这两种圆极化单元的工作机理进行了详细分析,并分别用这两种单元设计了相应的反射阵天线,且与用传统开缝圆环单元结构设计的圆极化反射阵进行了对比,验证了所提出的两种圆极化单元的宽带特性。3.为了抑制微带单元的表面波激励,提升反射阵的增益和口径效率,将基片集成波导结构应用于反射阵单元的设计当中,并以变尺寸正方形微带贴片为例,分别设计了仅有正方形贴片、带金属边以及带基片集成波导背腔等三种单元结构及相应的反射阵天线,验证了采用基片集成波导背腔结构确实能够提高反射阵的增益和口径效率,但带宽有所降低。
[Abstract]:Planar reflector array antenna has been widely used in deep space exploration, radar and satellite communication due to its advantages of high gain, low profile, low loss and easy processing. Since the concept of reflection array was put forward, a lot of research has been focused on broadening its bandwidth. Nowadays, there are many mature design schemes for linear polarization reflectors, such as dual-frequency, multi-frequency technology and broadband technology. However, because the working mechanism of circular polarization reflectors is different from linear polarization reflectors, the analysis is more complex, so there are few researches on circular polarization broadband technology. However, compared with linear polarization antennas. Circular polarization antenna is more anti-jamming, more suitable for all kinds of harsh environment, and more and more widely used. Therefore, it is very necessary to study circular polarization reflectors. The main work and innovation of this paper are as follows: 1. A method of applying rotation angle method to design circular polarization reflectors with fixed size cross-oscillator elements is proposed. At the same time, the cross-oscillator reflector array with fixed angle and variable size is designed as a contrast. The results show that the circular polarization reflector designed by rotating cross oscillator has wider working bandwidth and lower cross polarization level. Two novel circular circular polarization cell structures with branch links are proposed. The working mechanism of the two kinds of circular polarization elements is analyzed in detail, and the corresponding reflector antenna is designed by using the two elements. And compared with the circular polarization reflectance array designed with the traditional slit ring element structure, the broadband characteristics of the proposed two circular polarization elements are verified. 3. In order to suppress the surface wave excitation of the microstrip element. In order to improve the gain and aperture efficiency of the reflector array, the substrate integrated waveguide structure is applied to the design of the reflecting array elements. Taking the variable-size square microstrip patch as an example, only the square patch is designed. Three kinds of cell structures such as metal edge and substrate integrated waveguide back cavity and the corresponding reflector antenna verify that the gain and aperture efficiency of the reflector array can be improved by using the substrate integrated waveguide back cavity structure. But the bandwidth has been reduced.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN820

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