基于天线阵型的信号通道校正

发布时间：2018-01-07 16:14

本文关键词：基于天线阵型的信号通道校正　出处：《广西师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高频地波雷达利用垂直极化的电磁波,可以实现对海洋环境全天候、大范围的实时监测。该类系统在生成海洋表面流场时,常采用多重分辨率(MUSIC)算法提取海洋表面流的到达角。理想情况下,MUSIC算法具有很好的到达角估计性能。但实际应用中,接收通道的幅相特性存在差异,幅相误差会直接影响MUSIC算法的到达角估计性能。因此,研究通道的幅相校正方法具有重要的理论和实践意义。本论文主要围绕高频地波雷达的信号接收通道开展研究工作。根据接收天线的结构特性,分别对阵列式系统和便携式系统的幅相校正方法进行研究。论文开展的研究内容包括以下几点:一、通道幅相误差的分析首先以阵列天线为例,建立接收通道的数学模型,介绍了 MUSIC算法的原理。然后引入幅度和相位误差矩阵,从理论上分析了幅度和相位误差的特性。最后通过计算机仿真,直观地给出幅相误差对MUSIC算法的影响。二、阵列式高频地波雷达的幅相校正针对阵列天线的幅相误差进行了校正方法的研究。首先,结合海洋回波的统计特性,阐述了一种单到达角谱点的筛选方法,之后引出2种信号通道的幅相校正方法:1、介绍了一种基于海洋回波的幅相校正方法,并将方法应用于实测数据处理中,验证方法的有效性。2、由遗传算法求解非线性问题能力强的特性,研究一种基于改进自适应遗传算法的幅相校正方法,仿真和实测数据分析表明了方法的可行性。三、便携式高频地波雷达的幅相校正便携式系统采用结构紧凑的单极子/交叉环天线作为接收单元,该装置的接收通道相位中心一致,并由该特性研究相应的幅相校正方法:1、研究一种基于遗传模拟退火算法的幅相校正方法,并利用计算机仿真验证方法的鲁棒性和有效性。2、研究一种基于海洋回波的天线相位校正方法,然后将该方法与互协方差估计方法进行对比,实测数据结果表明了算法的可行性。
[Abstract]:The high frequency ground wave radar can realize the real-time monitoring of the marine environment all weather and a wide range by using the vertically polarized electromagnetic wave. This kind of system generates the current field on the ocean surface. The multi-resolution MUSIC-based algorithm is often used to extract the angle of arrival of ocean surface currents. Ideally, the music algorithm has a good performance of angle of arrival estimation, but in practical application. The amplitude and phase characteristics of the receiving channel are different, and the amplitude and phase error will directly affect the performance of the MUSIC algorithm. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the amplitude-phase correction method of the channel. This paper mainly focuses on the signal reception channel of HF ground wave radar, according to the structure characteristics of the receiving antenna. The methods of amplitude-phase correction for array system and portable system are studied respectively. The research contents are as follows: firstly, the analysis of channel amplitude-phase error takes array antenna as an example. The mathematical model of the receiving channel is established and the principle of the MUSIC algorithm is introduced. Then the amplitude and phase error matrix is introduced to analyze the characteristics of the amplitude and phase error theoretically. Finally, the computer simulation is carried out. The effect of amplitude-phase error on MUSIC algorithm is intuitively given. Secondly, the amplitude-phase correction method of array HF ground wave radar is studied. Combined with the statistical characteristics of ocean echo, a single angle of arrival spectral selection method is introduced, and then two signal channel amplitude-phase correction methods: 1 are introduced, and an amplitude and phase correction method based on ocean echo is introduced. The method is applied to real data processing to verify the effectiveness of the method. The genetic algorithm is used to solve nonlinear problems with strong ability. A amplitude and phase correction method based on improved adaptive genetic algorithm is studied. Simulation and measured data analysis show the feasibility of the method. Third, the portable HF ground wave radar amplitude-phase correction portable system uses a compact monopole / cross loop antenna as the receiving unit. The phase center of the receiving channel of the device is consistent, and the corresponding amplitude-phase correction method: 1 is studied by this characteristic, and a amplitude-phase correction method based on genetic simulated annealing algorithm is studied. Using computer simulation to verify the robustness and effectiveness of the method, a method of antenna phase correction based on ocean echo is studied, and then the method is compared with the method of cross-covariance estimation. The experimental data show the feasibility of the algorithm.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN959

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