基于网格划分和虚拟力的水下传感器网络部署策略研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 04:29

  本文关键词：基于网格划分和虚拟力的水下传感器网络部署策略研究　出处：《南京信息工程大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 水下传感器网络 多面体填充 网格划分 虚拟势场 三维空间

【摘要】：水下传感器网络相较于传统的无线传感器网络具有稀疏性,复杂性,声学通信,能量有限等特点。由于水下节点昂贵,无法大规模密集部署,所以随机部署的水下传感器网络往往达不到很高的覆盖效率。确定性部署虽然能达到较高的覆盖效率,但并不适用于部署区域范围过大,节点数目过多或部署区域不可达的情况。本文的主要工作就是针对水下传感器网络的特点,结合二维陆上传感器网络的研究成果,进一步研究三维水下传感器网络的节点部署方法：介绍水下传感器网络、水下传感器节点的体系结构,以及水下传感器网络的特性。概述水下传感器网络部署的技术,介绍三维空间多面体填充理论,并阐述水下节点部署问题与三维空间多面体填充问题的相似之处,为进一步研究水下传感器网络部署问题提供准备工作。针对水下传感器网络特点,结合三维空间多面体填充理论及虚拟势场理论,本文首先提出一种基于网格划分和虚拟力的水下传感器网络部署策略。该策略将原三维部署问题简化为二维水平面的预部署问题,在水平面将节点划分到不同的网格,使用成熟的陆上传感器网络模型,引入传统的无线传感器网络虚拟力算法。最后控制节点使之在垂直方向上移动,生成体心立方格水下监视网络,其Voronoi分割单元为截角八面体。仿真结果表明,这种部署方式实现网络基本全覆盖的同时,所需要的节点数目更少,有效地减少了网络的部署成本。针对水下传感器网络环境复杂,节点易失效等问题,本文提出基于立方体网格区域划分的覆盖检测机制。该机制将二维网格划分理论拓展到三维应用中,通过监测网格中每个单元是否至少被一个节点覆盖,来检测整个网络的覆盖情况。若网格中所有单元都被覆盖,则整个网络都被覆盖。引入一个参数v定义为网络的覆盖矩阵,通过该矩阵能有效得知网络的空洞大小与位置。仿真结果表明,该机制检测相对误差较少,且适合大规模水下传感器网络的应用要求。
[Abstract]:Underwater wireless sensor networks compared with the traditional sensor networks are sparse, complexity, acoustic communication, energy limited and so on. Because of the underwater node is expensive, not a large-scale intensive deployment, so randomly deployed underwater sensor networks often fail to cover the high efficiency. Although the deterministic deployment can achieve higher coverage efficiency but, does not apply to the deployment area is too large, the number of nodes too much or not up to the deployment area. The main work of this paper is aiming at the underwater sensor network characteristics, combined with the research results of two-dimensional terrestrial sensor networks, node deployment method for further study of 3D underwater sensor networks: underwater sensor network the architecture of underwater sensor nodes, and the characteristics of underwater sensor networks. Wireless sensor network deployment of underwater, introduces 3D polyhedral The filling theory, and expounds the underwater node deployment problem and three-dimensional space similarity polyhedron filling problem, for further research on underwater sensor network deployment problem of preparatory work. According to the characteristics of underwater sensor networks, combining with the 3D polyhedron filling theory and virtual potential field theory, this paper proposes a grid based on virtual force underwater sensor network deployment strategy. This strategy will simplify the original 3D deployment problem for two-dimensional horizontal plane pre deployment problem, in the horizontal plane divides the nodes into different grid, using land sensor networks mature model of virtual force algorithm in wireless sensor network into traditional control node. Finally to move in the vertical direction and generate a b.c.c.lattice underwater surveillance network, the Voronoi segment is truncated in eight face. The simulation results show that the implementation of this deployment The basic full coverage of the network at the same time, need less number of nodes, effectively reducing the cost of network deployment. In the sensor network environment of underwater complex problem, nodes are prone to failure, this paper presents coverage detection mechanism based on region division cube grids. The theory of two-dimensional mesh mechanism will be extended to 3D applications, through each the grid monitoring unit is at least a node coverage, to detect the coverage of the whole network. If the grid in all units have been covered, the whole network is covered. A definition for the coverage matrix parameters of V network, the network that the effective hole size and position through the matrix. The simulation results show that the relative error detection mechanism is less, and suitable for large-scale application of underwater sensor networks.

【学位授予单位】：南京信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.3
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本文编号：1412707