无额外校正源的ADS-B阵列天线有源校正算法

发布时间：2018-01-19 07:41

本文关键词： 阵列校正幅相误差位置误差互耦广播式自动相关监视　出处：《中国民航大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：广播式自动相关监视(Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast,ADS-B)在民航上发挥着越来越重要的作用,飞机接收导航卫星的信号获得飞机位置、速度等信息,机载ADS-B设备将这些信息通过数据链发送给地面基站。然而ADS-B面临着交织干扰、欺骗干扰、压制干扰和其他工作在1090MHz频率附近的多种设备的干扰。使用阵列天线抑制干扰是一种很常见的手段,其前提是需要知道精确的阵列流形,然而真实的阵列流形与理想阵列流形会有一定程度的偏差,这些误差会使得抗干扰算法的性能恶化,甚至失效。针对阵列的幅相误差、位置误差和互耦,本文在估计这三种阵列误差时主要做了以下几方面的工作:首先,介绍了阵列天线的基本知识,并对阵列的幅相误差、位置误差、和互耦分别进行了介绍,为后续工作做好了理论准备。其次,针对飞机发射的ADS-B信号的特点,提出了一种无需额外设置校正源的ADS-B阵列有源校正算法。利用ADS-B系统中的飞机广播的ADS-B信号作为校正源,无需额外设置校正源。根据阵列天线的位置和ADS-B信号所包含的飞机位置,可以计算得到飞机ADS-B信号的波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA),通过将阵列误差的估计转化为一个最优化问题,通过不断迭代直到收敛,得到阵列误差的估计值,然后通过多次重复,对得到的阵列误差求平均值,提高校正效果。最后,在仿真的基础上,利用ADS-B阵列天线接收数据,通过建立的准则,筛选了一些ADS-B信号,用来校正ADS-B阵列天线。实验表明所提方法是可行并且有效的。分析了校正效果不那么理想的原因,列出了几种可能的因素。
[Abstract]:Broadcast automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast. ADS-B) is playing a more and more important role in civil aviation. The aircraft receives the signal of navigation satellite to obtain the information of aircraft position, speed and so on. The airborne ADS-B device sends this information to the ground base station via the data link. However, the ADS-B faces interleaving interference and deception interference. Suppression of interference and interference from other devices operating around 1090MHz. Using array antennas to suppress interference is a common method, provided that precise array manifolds are known. However, the real array manifold and ideal array manifold will have a certain degree of deviation, these errors will make the performance of anti-jamming algorithm deteriorate or even fail, aiming at array amplitude-phase error, position error and mutual coupling. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the basic knowledge of array antenna is introduced, and the amplitude-phase error, position error and mutual coupling of array are introduced respectively. The theoretical preparation is made for the follow-up work. Secondly, aiming at the characteristics of the ADS-B signal launched by the aircraft. A ADS-B array active correction algorithm without extra correction source is proposed, which uses the ADS-B signal broadcast in the ADS-B system as the correction source. No additional correction source is required. According to the position of the array antenna and the aircraft position contained in the ADS-B signal. The direction of arrival (DOA) of the aircraft ADS-B signal can be calculated, and the estimation of the array error can be transformed into an optimization problem. Through iteration until convergence, the estimated value of array error is obtained, and then through repeated, the average value of array error is obtained, and the correction effect is improved. Finally, on the basis of simulation. The ADS-B array antenna is used to receive the data, and some ADS-B signals are screened by the established criteria. The experiments show that the proposed method is feasible and effective. The reasons why the correction effect is not so good are analyzed and several possible factors are listed.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：V355.1;TN911.7

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