无线传感网络DV-Hop定位算法的研究与改进

发布时间：2018-02-22 11:43

本文关键词： 无线传感器网络 DV-Hop算法伪误差因子坐标修正定位误差　出处：《南昌航空大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：传统DV-Hop算法是一种仅依靠网络连通性进行节点坐标位置估算的非测距类定位算法,可较大程度上减少硬件成本。因此,在一些对定位精度要求一般的场合中,该算法应用相当广泛,备受研究人员的青睐。然而,传统算法在拓扑随机的网络环境中,定位精度还有较大的提高空间。通过对大量相关文献调研后发现,多数改进算法主要从以下两个方面对传统算法进行改进:即在定位算法的第二阶段修正平均每跳距离估算精度和第三阶段修正未知节点坐标估算方法。本文的主要研究内容是如何有效提高DV-Hop算法的定位精度,具体包括以下几点:(1)考虑到传统算法在定位过程第二阶段中平均每跳距离估算误差较大的问题,本文提出了一种基于伪误差因子的AC-DV-Hop算法。其主要思想是:定义并引入伪误差因子Factor,通过伪误差因子可以剔除对测距误差影响较大的信标节点,再根据新的信标节点集合计算出修正后的平均跳距,从而提高信标节点每跳跳距的估算精度。(2)针对未知节点在第三阶段中坐标计算仍存在不足的地方,本文在AC-DV-Hop算法基础上提出了一种新算法——基于坐标修正的LC-DV-Hop算法。其主要思想是:先使用前面提出的AC-DV-Hop改进算法提高平均跳距值的估算精度,然后,每个信标节点先将自身假设成未知节点,可根据到其它信标节点的坐标位置信息计算出自身坐标的估计误差,再通过定义对应的权值(离待测节点跳数值越近,则所占权值越大;反之,则权值越小),将所有信标节点坐标估计误差和权值的乘积值应用到未知节点的坐标估算中,进一步减少定位误差,提高算法性能。最后,本文对改进前后的算法、已有加权改进型算法进行实验仿真,仿真结果表明:在相同的仿真参数下,本文提出的改进算法的平均定位误差和稳定性方面均优于DV-Hop算法和加权改进型DV-Hop算法。
[Abstract]:The traditional DV-Hop algorithm is a kind of non-ranging location algorithm which only depends on the network connectivity to estimate the node coordinate position, which can reduce the hardware cost to a great extent. This algorithm is widely used and favored by researchers. However, there is still much room for improvement in the localization accuracy of the traditional algorithm in the topological random network environment. Through the investigation of a large number of related documents, it is found that, Most of the improved algorithms mainly improve the traditional algorithm from the following two aspects: the accuracy of the second stage of the location algorithm to revise the average distance per hop and the third stage of the revision of the unknown node coordinate estimation method. To study how to effectively improve the positioning accuracy of DV-Hop algorithm, Including the following points: 1) taking into account the large error in the estimation of average distance per hop in the second phase of the localization process by the traditional algorithm. In this paper, a new AC-DV-Hop algorithm based on pseudo error factor is proposed. The main idea of this algorithm is to define and introduce the pseudo error factor Factor, by which the beacon nodes which have great influence on ranging error can be eliminated. Then the revised average hopping distance is calculated according to the new beacon node set, so as to improve the estimation accuracy of each hopping distance of beacon node. Based on the AC-DV-Hop algorithm, a new LC-DV-Hop algorithm based on coordinate correction is proposed in this paper. The main idea of this algorithm is to improve the estimation accuracy of the average hopping distance by using the AC-DV-Hop improved algorithm. First, each beacon node assumes itself as an unknown node, and the estimation error of its coordinates can be calculated according to the coordinate position information of other beacon nodes, and then the corresponding weights are defined (the closer the hopping value is to the node to be tested, the closer it is to the hopping value of the node to be tested. The bigger the weight is, the smaller the weight is, and then the product value of coordinate estimation error and weight value of all beacon nodes are applied to the coordinate estimation of unknown nodes, which can further reduce the positioning error and improve the performance of the algorithm. In this paper, the algorithm before and after the improvement, the existing weighted improved algorithm for experimental simulation, the simulation results show that: under the same simulation parameters, The proposed improved algorithm is superior to the DV-Hop algorithm and the weighted modified DV-Hop algorithm in terms of average positioning error and stability.
【学位授予单位】：南昌航空大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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