室内Radio-map建立方法与系统实现

发布时间：2018-02-22 18:11

本文关键词： 无线传感器网络 Radio-map 室内定位射频指纹 RSSI LQI　出处：《太原科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着时代进步和信息技术的快速发展,人们对自身所处位置感知的需求不断上升。目前,以GPS、北斗导航等代表的室外定位技术基本可以基本满足室外定位的需求,但就室内定位方面而言,由于室内环境的复杂性,其定位精度明显恶化,尚不能完全满足人们的需求。因此,对室内定位技术的研究具有十分重要的理论意义和应用价值。基于接收信号强度(Received Signal Strength Indication,RSSI)生成的射频指纹定位方法,是通过接收与位置相关的信号强度值来建立位置指纹,并在此基础上进行位置估计的一种定位方法。该方法一般分为离线训练和在线定位两个阶段,由于其结构简单、定位精度较高等特点而成为了室内定位技术的主流。在该方法中,离线阶段Radio-map的构建与射频指纹的选取,将对系统的定位精度产生直接影响,是射频指纹定位系统实现的基础。本文针对射频指纹的构建方法及其特性进行研究,并在此基础上设计和实现了一套用于采集射频指纹数据和构建Radio-map的软硬件系统,主要工作如下:(1)对射频信号的统计特征、时迁特性和环境变化引起的波动进行了深入研究和现场真实数据测试,分析了RSSI及LQI数据的特性,给出了基于RSSI众数构建位置指纹地图的方案。为了更好地描述、分析和比较不同位置指纹的特性以及对定位精度的影响,本文对其稳定性和指纹分辨率进行了理论分析,并与传统RSSI均值指纹进行了对比和定位实验。现场实验结果表明,与传统的位置指纹相比,基于RSSI众数的位置指纹具有更好的稳定性和较高的分辨率,能够减小环境变化对指纹造成的影响,提高了系统在线定位的精度。(2)基于IRIS硬件节点平台和B/S架构,采用SSH框架技术设计和实现了一套用于专门构建Radio-map的软硬件系统。该系统容易部署,可对RSSI和LQI原始数据进行实时采集、分析和处理,并生成相应的位置指纹,进而得到室内定位所需的Radio-map。由该系统生成的Radio-map数据,可为基于射频指纹的室内定位技术研究提供支持,其生成的射频指纹数据集也可供相关人员参考。
[Abstract]:With the progress of the times and the rapid development of information technology, people's demand for their own location awareness is rising. At present, outdoor positioning technology, such as GPS and Beidou navigation, can basically meet the needs of outdoor positioning. However, as far as indoor positioning is concerned, because of the complexity of indoor environment, its positioning accuracy is obviously deteriorated, and it can not fully meet the needs of people. The research of indoor location technology has very important theoretical significance and application value. The RF fingerprint location method based on received Signal Strength indication RSSI is to establish position fingerprint by receiving the signal intensity value related to position. The method is generally divided into two stages: off-line training and on-line positioning. In this method, the construction of Radio-map in off-line stage and the selection of radio-frequency fingerprint will have a direct impact on the positioning accuracy of the system. This paper studies the construction method and characteristics of RF fingerprint, and designs and implements a software and hardware system for collecting RF fingerprint data and constructing Radio-map. The main work is as follows: (1) the statistical characteristics of radio frequency signals, the characteristics of time shift and the fluctuations caused by environmental changes are studied in depth and the field real data are tested, and the characteristics of RSSI and LQI data are analyzed. In order to better describe, analyze and compare the characteristics of different location fingerprints and their effects on location accuracy, this paper makes a theoretical analysis of their stability and fingerprint resolution. The field experiment results show that compared with the traditional RSSI fingerprint, the location fingerprint based on RSSI mode has better stability and higher resolution. It can reduce the impact of environmental change on fingerprint, and improve the accuracy of online location. It is based on IRIS hardware node platform and B / S architecture. A software and hardware system is designed and implemented by using SSH framework technology to construct Radio-map. The system is easy to deploy and can collect, analyze and process the original data of RSSI and LQI in real time, and generate the corresponding position fingerprint. The radio-map. the Radio-map data generated by the system can provide support for the research of indoor location technology based on RF fingerprint, and the radio-frequency fingerprint data set generated by the system can also be used for reference.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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