森林环境下的无线传感器节点部署问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 09:38

本文关键词： 森林小气候无线传感器节点部署环境信息采集　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：从目前国内外相关专家学者对森林小气候的研究可以看出,如何实时的获取大范围内,不同地形区域内的森林小气候数据是森林小气候研究和应用的一大难点。本文采用无线传感器等技术、3G/4G网络技术,建立覆盖森林地区的无线通信网络,对森林中温度、湿度等环境数据以及森林监控视频等数据的采集、传输和分析,实现采集森林环境指标的实时监控、对森林火情的及时发现等信息,并且在客户端建立面向森林环境的动态监控及数据化可视分析系统,来提高森林的管理水平。首先,通过森林小气候环境监测系统的深入调研,了解森林小气候环境监测系统的整体结构和需求。并根据实际情况,将森林小气候环境监测系统划分为部署在森林环境下的监测终端,监测数据的无线传输网络和3G/4G网络,以及数据管理平台三大模块,并分别对这三个模块中的具体功能需求和非功能性需求进行分析,从而了解森林小气候环境监测系统的具体需求。其次,针对森林环境特点,采用粒子群算法对森林环境中的无线传感器网络节点部署问题进行分析,在考虑无线传感器数据传输时能源消耗问题的基础上,通过迭代和优化,最终得到在固定传感器数量下,无线传感器网络覆盖面积最大的方案。仿真实验结果表明,本文中所采用的基于粒子群算法的无线传感器网络部署方案能够获得较优解,采用粒子群算法解决无线传感器网络部署问题的方案是可行的。最后,在完成对无线传感器网络节点选址问题的研究之后,以森林小气候环境的温度采集和湿度采集为例,对森林小气候环境监测系统中的监测终端节点、监测数据传输的无线传感器网络和3G/4G传输网络,以及监控数据的数据管理平台的设计和实现进行研究。森林系小气候的差异对森林小气候环境也有非常大的影响。本文所设计的基于无线传感器网络的森林小气候环境监测系统,实现了森林小气候环境信息的实施监测,为森林防火和森林培育等森林管理工作打好基础。
[Abstract]:From the current research on forest microclimate by relevant experts and scholars at home and abroad, we can see how to obtain large scale in real time. Forest microclimate data in different terrain areas is a big difficulty in the research and application of forest microclimate. In this paper, wireless communication network covering forest area is established by using wireless sensor and other technologies such as 3G / 4G network. The collection, transmission and analysis of environmental data, such as humidity and other environmental data, as well as the video of forest monitoring, can achieve real-time monitoring of forest environmental indicators and timely discovery of forest fire. And in order to improve the forest management level, a dynamic monitoring and data-oriented visual analysis system for forest environment is established on the client side. First, through the in-depth investigation of forest microclimate environment monitoring system, To understand the overall structure and requirements of the forest microclimate environment monitoring system, and to divide the forest microclimate environment monitoring system into monitoring terminals deployed in the forest environment, wireless transmission network for monitoring data and 3G / 4G network according to the actual situation. And three modules of data management platform, and the specific functional requirements and non-functional requirements of the three modules are analyzed respectively, in order to understand the specific needs of forest microclimate environment monitoring system. Secondly, according to the characteristics of forest environment, Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used to analyze the problem of node deployment in wireless sensor networks in forest environment. After considering the problem of energy consumption in wireless sensor data transmission, iteration and optimization are adopted. Finally, the scheme of wireless sensor network with the largest coverage area is obtained under the fixed number of sensors. The simulation results show that the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based wireless sensor network deployment scheme can obtain a better solution. It is feasible to use particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve the problem of wireless sensor network deployment. Finally, after completing the research on node location of wireless sensor network, the temperature and humidity collection in forest microclimate environment is taken as an example. For the monitoring terminal nodes in the forest microclimate environment monitoring system, the wireless sensor network for monitoring data transmission and the 3G / 4G transmission network, And the design and implementation of data management platform for monitoring data. The difference of forest microclimate also has a great impact on the forest microclimate environment. This paper designs a wireless sensor network based forest stingy. Environmental monitoring system, The monitoring of forest microclimate environment information was realized, which laid a good foundation for forest management, such as forest fire prevention and forest cultivation.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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