基于空间映射算法的圆极化微带天线研究

发布时间：2018-02-25 18:12

本文关键词： 线极化圆极化威尔金森功分器空间映射算法克里金插值法　出处：《江苏科技大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：天线对于整个通信系统至关重要。近年来,对天线的研究成为了一个非常热门的话题。按照极化方式的不同,天线可以分为线极化天线、圆极化天线和椭圆极化天线。线极化和圆极化天线是最常用的天线。相对于线极化天线所具有的优点,目前圆极化天线正被越来越广泛地应用到卫星通信、GPS、电视广播等方面。本文主要采用空间映射优化算法设计了圆极化微带天线。文章简单介绍了空间映射算法的基本思想、发展历程和应用前景,比较了几种空间映射算法的优缺点。空间映射算法中,粗模型的选取是关键。针对粗模型的建立,本文中介绍了几种方法。对于矩形微带贴片天线这样具有经验公式的天线,可以使用经验公式作为粗模型;而对于没有经验公式的微带结构天线,如本文设计的圆极化天线阵列,可以在ADS软件中建立等效模型作为粗模型。对于既没有经验公式、又无法建立它的ADS等效模型的天线,如本文设计的多层结构的宽带圆极化微带天线,可以采用克里金插值法构造它的响应面近似作为粗模型,该方法大大扩展了空间映射算法优化天线的应用范围。本文设计的X波段的圆极化天线阵列,采用的是切角与挖槽相结合的方式来实现天线的圆极化特性。设计的多层结构宽带圆极化微带天线,使用威尔金森功分器产生幅度相等、相位相差90°的激励,通过缝隙耦合对辐射单元进行馈电,获得了性能良好的圆极化特性。天线优化过程应用到的空间映射算法,在优化过程中可以体现该方法的快速性、准确性、高效性。
[Abstract]:Antenna is very important for the whole communication system. In recent years, the research of antenna has become a very hot topic. According to the polarization mode, antenna can be divided into linear polarization antenna. Circular and elliptical polarization antennas. Linear and circular polarized antennas are the most commonly used antennas. At present, circular polarization antenna is more and more widely used in satellite communication, TV broadcasting and so on. In this paper, a circular polarized microstrip antenna is designed by using spatial mapping optimization algorithm. The basic idea of space mapping algorithm is introduced briefly in this paper. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of several spatial mapping algorithms are compared. In spatial mapping algorithm, the selection of rough model is the key. In this paper, several methods are introduced. For an antenna with an empirical formula such as a rectangular microstrip patch antenna, the empirical formula can be used as a rough model, while for a microstrip structure antenna without an empirical formula, For example, the circular polarized antenna array designed in this paper can be used as a rough model in the ADS software. For the antenna which has neither empirical formula nor its ADS equivalent model, For example, the broadband circularly polarized microstrip antenna with multi-layer structure designed in this paper can be used to construct its response surface approximation as a rough model by using Kriging interpolation method. This method greatly extends the application of spatial mapping algorithm to optimize antenna. The circular polarization antenna array in X-band is designed in this paper. The circular polarization characteristics of the antenna are realized by the combination of cutting angle and grooving. A multi-layer broadband circularly polarized microstrip antenna is designed. The Wilkinson power splitter is used to generate an excitation of equal amplitude and 90 掳phase difference. The slot coupling is used to feed the radiator and the circular polarization characteristics are obtained. The spatial mapping algorithm applied in the antenna optimization process can reflect the rapidity accuracy and high efficiency of the method in the optimization process.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN822

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