基于单脉冲雷达的多目标检测方法与仿真

发布时间：2018-02-26 03:02

本文关键词： 单脉冲雷达不可分辨目标多目标检测信噪比估计角估计建模与仿真　出处：《北京理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：常规单脉冲雷达由于测角精度高而被广泛用于目标跟踪,但其很难区分落在一个波束的同一距离单元内的多个目标。目前,我国在多目标分辨个数、分辨精度及实时性方面的研究都与国外有较大的差距。针对此状况,本文主要研究单脉冲雷达的不可分辨多目标检测和角分辨技术,通过利用现代信号处理手段,在现有理论和技术基础上,设计有效的信号检测方法,从而实现单脉冲雷达的多目标精确检测和角估计。本文以制导系统中单脉冲雷达为研究对象,分析了单脉冲测角原理,并讨论了目标起伏特性及多目标对雷达系统响应的影响。推导广义似然比检测算法,利用奈曼-皮尔逊准则确定检测门限,通过仿真分析,证明广义似然比检测算法对两个不可分辨目标具有很好的检测性能。对比矩匹配角估计和最大似然角估计算法,分析了两种算法的优点及局限性。利用Matlab进行了仿真分析,结果表明这两种角估计算法均能在目标信噪比已知的情况下实现多目标到达角的较优估计,且最大似然角分辨算法的角估计性能更优。基于对多目标检测和角分辨算法的理论推导和仿真分析,本文提出了目标信噪比估计算法。算法采用高接收机带宽以及对反射脉冲的高采样率,对目标回波数据进行处理得到目标信噪比的估计值,结合最大似然角估计算法,能够实现两目标到达角估计。最后,将算法推广到三个目标的检测和角分辨,仿真和微波暗室实验表明该种方法能够很好地实现多目标检测及到达角估计。
[Abstract]:Conventional monopulse radar is widely used in target tracking because of its high angular accuracy, but it is difficult to distinguish multiple targets falling in the same distance unit of a beam. The research on resolution accuracy and real-time performance is far from that of foreign countries. In this paper, the indistinguishable multi-target detection and angle resolution techniques of monopulse radar are mainly studied, and by means of modern signal processing, Based on the existing theory and technology, an effective signal detection method is designed to realize the accurate detection and angle estimation of monopulse radar. In this paper, the monopulse angle measurement principle of monopulse radar in guidance system is analyzed. The characteristics of target fluctuation and the effect of multiple targets on radar system response are discussed. The generalized likelihood ratio detection algorithm is derived and the detection threshold is determined by using Neiman-Pearson criterion. It is proved that the generalized likelihood ratio detection algorithm has good detection performance for two indiscernible targets. The advantages and limitations of the two algorithms are analyzed by comparing the moment matching angle estimation algorithm and the maximum likelihood angle estimation algorithm. The simulation analysis is carried out by using Matlab. The results show that both of the two algorithms can realize the optimal estimation of multi-target angle of arrival when the SNR of the target is known. The maximum likelihood angular resolution algorithm has better performance in angle estimation. Based on the theoretical derivation and simulation analysis of multi-target detection and angle resolution algorithm, In this paper, a target SNR estimation algorithm is proposed, which uses high receiver bandwidth and high sampling rate of reflected pulses to process the target echo data to obtain the target SNR estimation value, combined with the maximum likelihood angle estimation algorithm. Finally, the algorithm is extended to the detection and angle resolution of three targets. Simulation and microwave chamber experiments show that this method can achieve multi-target detection and angle of arrival estimation.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN958.4

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