水声传感网络媒体接入控制协议研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 08:45

本文关键词： 水声传感网络媒体接入控制长传播时延空闲资源利用按需TDMA　出处：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水声传感网络(Underwater Acoustic Sensor Network,UWASN)在海洋环境监测、资源开发等领域具有巨大的应用前景,因而引起各界的广泛关注。由于水声信道的传播速率低,误比特率高,可用带宽有限等特点,UWASN具有信道传播时延长、数据包出错率高、网络时延时空不确定性等特征。结合UWASN的特征,设计有效的水声传感网络组网协议,具有重要的意义。论文主要研究UWASN的媒体接入控制(Medium Access Control,MAC)技术。结合UWASN的大传播时延特征,论文分析了基于握手的MAC协议存在的“效率问题”与“传输问题”,提出利用空闲资源的MAC(Waiting Resource Usage MAC,WRUMAC)协议。在WRUMAC协议中,节点收到控制包后等待一段时间再响应该控制包,保证其所有潜在的冲突节点都收到控制包,从而解决长时延UWASN中数据包异步到达带来的“传输问题”。邻居节点利用握手成功节点对的空闲等待时间进行额外数据传输,从而解决长时延UWASN中空闲资源浪费带来的“效率问题”。理论分析与仿真结果表明,WRUMAC协议能有效提高网络吞吐量,降低数据包的端到端时延与网络能量开销。综合考虑UWASN传播时延大、数据包传输出错率高与多用户传输相互干扰等问题,论文介绍了点到点水声通信中高效数据传输方案与差错控制机制,并提出了结合连续传输与差错控制的按需TDMA协议,采用按需TDMA方式协调多用户的信道资源利用,数据包的传输过程采用连续ARQ方案提高信道传输效率,采用混合ARQ(Hybrid ARQ,HARQ)技术解决数据包传输差错问题,并根据节点的业务量、差错控制机制与节点的收发状态为节点分配时隙。仿真结果表明,所提出的按需TDMA协议有更高的吞吐量,更低的数据传播时延,且能较好适应不同网络环境。
[Abstract]:Underwater Acoustic Sensor Network (UWASN) has great application prospects in marine environment monitoring, resource development and other fields, and has attracted wide attention from all walks of life. Due to the low propagation rate of underwater acoustic channel, the bit error rate is high. With limited available bandwidth, UWASN has the characteristics of extended channel propagation time, high packet error rate, time-space uncertainty of network delay, and so on. Combined with the characteristics of UWASN, an effective underwater acoustic sensor network networking protocol is designed. This paper mainly studies the medium Access Control (MAC) technology of UWASN, and combines the characteristics of UWASN with large propagation delay. This paper analyzes the "efficiency problem" and "transmission problem" of MAC protocol based on handshake, and proposes the MAC(Waiting Resource Usage MAC protocol using free resources. In the WRUMAC protocol, the node receives the control packet and waits for a period of time to respond to the control packet. Ensure that all potential conflict nodes receive control packets to solve the "transmission problem" caused by asynchronous arrival of packets in long-delay UWASN. Neighbor nodes use the idle waiting time of successful handshake nodes to transmit additional data. In order to solve the "efficiency problem" caused by the waste of idle resources in long-delay UWASN, the theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the WRUMAC protocol can effectively improve the network throughput. In order to reduce the end-to-end delay and the energy overhead of the network, the problems such as the large propagation delay of UWASN, the high error rate of packet transmission and the interference between multi-user transmission and so on are considered. In this paper, the efficient data transmission scheme and error control mechanism in point-to-point underwater acoustic communication are introduced, and an on-demand TDMA protocol combining continuous transmission and error control is proposed to coordinate the utilization of multi-user channel resources by on-demand TDMA. In the process of data packet transmission, continuous ARQ scheme is adopted to improve the channel transmission efficiency, and hybrid ARQ(Hybrid ARQ / HARQ technology is used to solve the problem of packet transmission errors. The simulation results show that the proposed on-demand TDMA protocol has higher throughput, lower data propagation delay and better adaptability to different network environments.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN929.3;TP212.9

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