微波场作用的固态自旋系综操控关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 04:14

本文关键词： 金刚石氮空位中心自旋操控微波天线近场辐射　出处：《中北大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为一种新型的量子系统,金刚石氮空位(Nitrogen-vacancy,NV)色心凭借其在室温下较长的相干时间、固态易集成等优势受到越来越多的关注。金刚石氮空位色心可以在激光作用下进行初始化和读出,可以通过微波作用对其自旋态进行操控,被视为最有希望的自旋载体材料之一。利用单NV色心已经实现了对磁场、温度、电场、角速率的物理量的测量。相比于单NV色心,系综NV色心可以激发出较强的荧光,荧光收集方法简单,荧光收集率高,是未来量子传感实用化的必然趋势。系综NV色心容易与复杂环境进行耦合而导致相干性快速消失,这使得对自旋的测量和操控难度加大,因此在自旋态操控时要求有辐射性能更好的微波场和精度更高的时序控制。基于此本文进行了以下研究:第一,从理论上研究了NV色心的性质及微波对NV色心自旋的作用,得到了微波功率与共振信号的关系,同时对自旋态操控理论进行了研究。第二,为了提高天线近场辐射性能,设计了新型的微波辐射天线,并对天线结构进行了优化,通过HFSS仿真、近场测试及共振信号测试对传统铜丝天线和新型微带天线的辐射性能进行了对比,证明了微带天线在系综金刚石NV色心自旋态操控研究中的优越性。第三,开发了系综NV色心高精度时序操控软件系统,通过上位机软件实现了整个系统的自动化控制。系统可以通过任意编码输出高精度脉冲组合调控时序,实现了对微波、激光等的控制,同时软件具有荧光信号采集功能。本研究为实现利用微波操控系综NV色心自旋态奠定了基础,促进了基于NV色心的量子传感实用化进程。
[Abstract]:As a new quantum system, diamond nitrogen vacancy NVN centers depend on their long coherent time at room temperature. More and more attention has been paid to the advantages of easy integration of solid state. The diamond nitrogen vacancy color center can be initialized and read out by laser, and the spin state can be controlled by microwave. The single NV color center has been used to measure the physical quantities of magnetic field, temperature, electric field and angular rate. Compared with the single NV color center, ensemble NV color center can excite strong fluorescence. The fluorescence collection method is simple and the fluorescence collection rate is high, which is the inevitable trend of quantum sensing in the future. The color center of ensemble NV is easily coupled with the complex environment, which leads to the rapid disappearance of coherence, which makes it more difficult to measure and manipulate the spin. Therefore, microwave field with better radiation performance and timing control with higher precision are required in spin state manipulation. Based on this, the following studies are carried out: firstly, the properties of NV color center and the effect of microwave on NV color center spin are studied theoretically. The relationship between microwave power and resonance signal is obtained, and the spin control theory is also studied. Secondly, in order to improve the near-field radiation performance of the antenna, a new type of microwave radiation antenna is designed, and the antenna structure is optimized. The radiative performance of traditional copper wire antenna and new type of microstrip antenna is compared by HFSS simulation, near field test and resonance signal test. The superiority of microstrip antenna in the study of color center spin control of ensemble diamond NV is proved. The high precision timing control software system of ensemble NV color center is developed, and the automatic control of the whole system is realized by the upper computer software. The control of laser and the software have the function of fluorescence signal acquisition. This study has laid a foundation for using microwave to control the spin state of ensemble NV color center and promoted the practical process of quantum sensing based on NV color center.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O413;TN015;TN820

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