能量收集无线传感器网络连通性建模与优化

发布时间：2018-03-03 06:17

  本文选题：能量收集无线传感器网络　切入点：随机图模型　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着制造技术的发展和成熟,无线传感器网络的应用已经越来越广泛,但是传统的传感器节点通常由电池供电,电池的能量储备极大地限制了网络的生存周期而造成不便,因此,能量收集技术是解决无线传感器网络中节点能量供应问题的有效途径。对于能量收集无线传感器网络,为了提高网络性能,网络连通性是值得研究的热点问题。在能量收集无线传感器网络中,由于与环境因素直接紧密相关,在一段时间内传感器节点采集到的能量是一个随机过程,这种能量的随机性导致节点可否工作也具有随机性。再者,出于节约能量的考虑,传感器节点一般采用Duty-Cycle的调度策略,只有当两节点同时处于激活状态时才可能建立链路,因而在能量收集无线传感器网络中,节点间可否建立链路也具有概率性。基于以上特性和能量收集无线传感器网络的通信半径的约束,本论文采用ER随机图的思想建立EW随机图模型,然后基于该模型分析实际应用中最普遍的以sink节点为中心的能量收集无线传感器网络,进而根据EW随机图模型建立了基于概率的网络连通性模型,在该模型中我们以节点连通概率最小值、平均值和最大值以及网络最大连通比例作为网络连通性的衡量指标,然后提出了三种方法计算节点连通概率,分别是基于随机完全图的子图概率法、基于随机完全图的路径概率法和基于概率的仿真统计法。论文基于EW随机图模型,以仿真实验的手段分析了网络连通性与节点密度、节点可工作概率、链路可建立概率、节点通信半径和sink节点位置之间的关系并针对各个因素提出了网络连通性的优化策略。在论文最后,实现了一个能量收集无线传感器网络仿真系统,该系统分为能量收集无线传感器网络仿真平台和基于e Z430-RF2500-SHE开发工具的数据采集系统。其中仿真平台实现了能量收集无线传感器网络的部署、连通性计算和仿真实验,而数据采集子系统以真实的能量收集传感器节点实现了一个电压检测和数据采集系统,通过对电压数据的分析,验证能量收集的概率性。
[Abstract]:With the development of manufacturing technology and mature, the application of wireless sensor network has been widely used, but the traditional sensor nodes are usually powered by batteries, battery energy storage greatly limits the network lifetime and inconvenience, therefore, energy harvesting technology is an effective way to solve the energy supply problem for wireless sensor network. Energy collection of wireless sensor networks, in order to improve the network performance, network connectivity is a hot topic worthy of study. In the energy collection in wireless sensor networks, due to the direct and closely related to environmental factors, in a period of time the energy collected by sensors is a random process, random this energy can also lead to node is random. Furthermore, for saving energy considerations, sensor nodes generally use the Duty-Cycle scheduling strategy, only when two At the same time point to establish a link will be active, so the energy collection in wireless sensor networks, nodes can establish a link with probability. The communication radius of above characteristics and energy collection of wireless sensor network based on the constraint of ER, the idea of the establishment of the random graph EW random graph model is adopted in this paper, then the wireless sensor network to collect the most common to the sink node as the center of energy in the practical application of the model based on the analysis, and then according to the EW random graph model is established based on the network connectivity probability model, in this model we connected probability minimum to nodes, the average value and the maximum value and the maximum network connectivity ratio as network connectivity index then, put forward three methods to calculate the node connectivity probability, are randomized complete subgraphs based on path probability method, random complete graph based on probability The simulation method and the method based on statistical probability. The random graph model based on EW, a simulation experiment is analyzed by means of network connectivity and node density, node probability, link establishment probability, the relationship between the communication radius of nodes and sink node position and for each factor is proposed to optimize the strategy of network connectivity. In the end, to achieve a simulation energy collection system of wireless sensor network, the system is divided into the energy collection of wireless sensor network simulation platform and e data acquisition system based on Z430-RF2500-SHE development tools. The simulation platform of the energy collection deployment of wireless sensor networks, connectivity calculation and simulation experiment, and the data acquisition subsystem the real energy collection of sensor nodes to achieve a voltage detection and data acquisition system, through the analysis of the voltage data, verify the energy collection Probability.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5
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本文编号：1559858