不同负重方式行走人体表面肌电信号特性研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 18:07

本文选题：表面肌电　切入点：负重方式　出处：《天津科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：人们在日常生活中经常需要负重行走,当下人们的主要负重方式分为以下三类:单肩式背包负重,双肩式背包负重,手提式负重。人体在较长时间,较大负重情况下,相关肌肉会产生不同程度的疲劳,而人体肌肉疲劳的累计则会进一步造成肌肉损伤,因此,针对人体负重行走时,在不同负重方式下相关肌肉疲劳情况的研究是十分必要的。表面肌电(SEMG)作为一种无创,实时的测量手段,被广泛的应用于肌肉疲劳方面的研究,本文将以此方法为基础,对不同负重方式下人体腰背部相关肌肉的表面肌电信号特性进行研究。采用NORAXON肌电采集系统,测试正常成年人在不同负重方式下行走时肩部及腰部肌肉的表面肌电信号,参考之前研究成果,将人体负重比例确定为--男性为自身体重12%,女性为自身体重8%,行走步速为4. 5km/h,以保证肌肉疲劳产生的合理性,规律性。实验需测试肌肉分别为:肩部肌群包括—三角肌,斜方肌,大菱形肌,冈上肌;腰部肌群包括—背阔肌下缘,竖脊肌中部,竖脊肌下部。实验要求受试者在坡度为0的情况下以恒定步速在跑步机上行走30min,从初始阶段Omin开始,每10min采集一次肌电信号(Omin,10min,20min,30min),并同时要求受试者根据所给出的BORG主观体力感等级量表进行一次肌肉疲劳的主观评价打分;在坡度为20 (实验条件受跑步机限制)的情况下以恒定步速在跑步机上行走15min,从初始阶段开始,每5min采集一次肌电信号(Omin,5min,10min,15min),并同时要求受试者根据所给出的BORG主观体力感等级量表进行一次肌肉疲劳的主观评价打分。通过NORAXON采集到的数据,提取肌电信号的平均肌电值(AEMG)和平均频率(MF)特征值,然后通过SPSS对特征值进行标准化处理。以标准化后的特征值为基础,进行男女差异性分析,并对各肌肉的发力及疲劳情况进行分析。通过对相同步速,相同负重比例情况下,采用不同的负重方式行走时人体肩背部肌肉的肌电信号采集分析,最终得出男性和女性在完成不同负重方式及坡度的情况下行走任务时,肩背部肌肉的疲劳特征是否存在差异性或对称性,人体左右腰背部肌肉是否存在差异性或对称性,分析得出男性女性在0°,20°情况下肩背部肌肉的疲劳上限,为不同情况下负重行走时选择合理的负重方式提供合理化意见,避免个别肌肉因不合理的负重方式而产生疲劳损伤,同时也可以为特殊情况下需要负重行走时所采用背包的设计提供设计建议。
[Abstract]:People often need to walk with loads in their daily life. Nowadays, people's main ways of carrying weight are as follows: single shoulder backpack, double shouldered backpack, handheld load. Related muscles produce varying degrees of fatigue, and the accumulation of muscle fatigue in the human body can further cause muscle damage. Therefore, when the human body walks with a load, It is necessary to study the muscle fatigue under different load modes. As a noninvasive and real-time measurement method, SEMG is widely used in the study of muscle fatigue. The surface electromyography (EMG) characteristics of the muscles associated with the waist and back of the human body under different loading modes were studied. The surface electromyography (EMG) signals of shoulder and waist muscles of normal adults walking under different load modes were measured by NORAXON EMG acquisition system. Referring to previous research results, the proportion of body weight to body weight is determined to be 12 for men, 8 for women, and 4.5 km / h for walking, so as to ensure the reasonableness of muscle fatigue. Regularity. The muscles of the experiment were as follows: shoulder muscle group including deltoid muscle, trapezius muscle, rhomboid muscle, supraspinatus muscle, and lumbar muscle group including -latissimus dorsi inferior margin, middle vertical spinal muscle, The subjects were asked to walk on the treadmill at a constant pace for 30 minutes at a gradient of 0, starting from the initial stage of Omin. The electromyography signals were collected every 10 minutes. The subjects were asked to make a subjective evaluation of muscle fatigue according to the BORG subjective physical feeling scale. At a gradient of 20 (the experimental conditions are restricted by the treadmill), walking on the treadmill at a constant pace for 15 minutes, starting at the initial stage, EMG signals were collected every 5 minutes. The subjects were asked to make a subjective evaluation of muscle fatigue according to the BORG subjective physical strength rating scale. The data collected by NORAXON were collected. The average EMG and MFF eigenvalues of EMG were extracted, and then the eigenvalues were standardized by SPSS. Based on the normalized eigenvalues, the differences between men and women were analyzed. At the same time, under the condition of synchronous speed and the same proportion of load, the EMG signals of human shoulder and back muscles are collected and analyzed when walking with different load-bearing methods. Finally, it is concluded that the fatigue characteristics of shoulder and back muscles are different or symmetrical, whether there are differences or symmetries in the left and right back muscles of the human body when they walk with different load modes and slope degrees, and whether there are differences or symmetries in the left and right back muscles of the human body. It is concluded that the upper limit of fatigue of the shoulder and back muscles of male and female at 0 掳to 20 掳provides reasonable advice for choosing reasonable load bearing mode when walking with load under different conditions, so as to avoid fatigue injury of individual muscles due to unreasonable loading mode. At the same time, it can also provide some suggestions for the design of the knapsack used in special circumstances.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN911.7;R318

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