量子隐私比较的研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 00:32

本文选题：量子隐私比较　切入点：五粒子最大纠缠态　出处：《浙江工商大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：量子密码是密码学与量子力学相结合的产物,是量子信息中最值得关注的一项应用。随着人类计算能力的飞速提高,特别是量子并行算法的提出,基于计算复杂性假设的经典密码体制的安全性受到了严峻挑战。量子密码因其得天独厚的优势已成为密码新技术中的一个重要的研究分支,并且很可能发展为下一代密码技术的重要力量。量子隐私比较作为量子密码中的一个重要的研究方向,近几年得到了众多学者的重视并取得了丰富的研究成果。本论文主要研究了量子隐私比较协议的设计与分析,包括隐私比较设计方法、攻击策略和安全性分析三方面,取得了若干研究成果。具体如下:在两方量子隐私比较协议设计方面,分别基于高度纠缠六粒子纯态和五粒子最大纠缠态,提出了两个量子隐私比较协议。两个协议均采用了实验上较易实现的单光子测量和Bell测量,而未使用需要消耗昂贵量子设备的酉操作和量子纠缠交换技术。两个协议均引入了一个半诚实的第三方,并采用量子密钥分发方案和诱骗光子技术保证安全性,从而减少了量子资源的消耗。在这两个协议中,所有粒子的传输都是单向的,使得这两个协议都不受特洛伊木马攻击的影响。在多方量子隐私比较协议设计方面,基于d级cat态与d级Bell态的纠缠交换,提出了一个多方隐私比较协议,协议中以信息比较为目的的参与者们利用酉操作编码秘密信息,他们在一个半诚实第三方的协助下,只需执行一次协议就可以判断他们的秘密信息是否相同。在安全性上,协议利用了d级cat态与d级Bell态纠缠交换的特性,无须采用额外生成的密钥加密信息,从而减少了量子资源的消耗。
[Abstract]:Quantum cryptography is a combination of cryptography and quantum mechanics, which is the most important application of quantum information. The security of classical cryptosystems based on computational complexity hypothesis has been severely challenged. Quantum cryptography has become an important research branch of new cryptography technology because of its unique advantages. Quantum privacy comparison is an important research direction in quantum cryptography. In recent years, many scholars have paid attention to it and made a lot of achievements. In this paper, we mainly study the design and analysis of quantum privacy comparison protocol, including privacy comparison design method, attack strategy and security analysis. Some research results have been obtained. The details are as follows: in the design of the two-party quantum privacy comparison protocol, it is based on the highly entangled six-particle pure state and the five-particle maximum entangled state, respectively. Two quantum privacy comparison protocols are proposed, both of which are easy to implement experimentally and Bell measurements. Both protocols introduce a semi-honest third party and use quantum key distribution scheme and decoy photon technology to ensure security. This reduces the consumption of quantum resources. In both protocols, the transport of all particles is unidirectional, so that neither protocol is affected by Trojan horse attacks. Based on the entanglement exchange between cat state of order d and Bell state of order d, a multi-party privacy comparison protocol is proposed. Participants in the protocol encode secret information using unitary operations with the assistance of a semi-honest third party. In terms of security, the protocol takes advantage of the entanglement exchange between cat state of order d and Bell state of level d, and does not need to use additional key encryption information. Thus reducing the consumption of quantum resources.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O413;TN918.1

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