无线传感器网络数据收集算法的研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 20:57

本文选题：无线传感器网络　切入点：负载均衡　出处：《天津工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Networks,WSNs)是目前国内外研究的热点。由于传感器节点的能量供给全部来自电池,因而储备能量受电池存储的限制。当节点部署环境相对较差,且对节点数量有极大需求时,人工更换传感器节点的电池不便也不现实。所以,对于无线传感器网络的发展而言,如何提高网络寿命,成为至关重要的核心问题之一。RaSMaLai算法是最大化无线传感器网络寿命的一种典型算法,本文详细介绍了 RaSMaLai算法并针对其有可能进入无效循环和无效等待状态的问题,进行了两点改进并提出了一种新的随机转换算法NRaSMaLai。改进一,在数据收集树初始化过程中对其进行检测,防止其进入无效等待状态;改进二,在更新数据收集树操作过程中对数据收集树中的最大负载节点及其所有子孙节点进行状态检测,如果最大负载节点的所有子孙节点都不存在潜在的双亲节点,则按照一定的策略对数据收集树进行随机转换,防止树进入无效循环状态,从而保证数据收集树最终能达到平衡或接近预设的平衡状态。经实验证明,一般情况下,使用改进一或改进二的RaSMaLai算法都能使数据收集树达到平衡状态,从而扩大无线传感器网络的寿命。在RaSMaLai的基础上提出了一种新的随机转换算法NRaSMaLai,在循环过程中会在数据收集树中寻找树中拥有最小负载的节点,通过增加其本身或其子孙节点的负载,从而使数据收集树达到平衡状态或接近预设的平衡状态。经实验证明,NRaSMaLai相比于RaSMaLai,在随机转换的过程中迭代步数更少且发生振荡的情况远远少。
[Abstract]:Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a hot research topic at home and abroad. Since the energy supply of sensor nodes comes from the battery, the storage energy is limited by the battery storage. And when there is a great demand for the number of nodes, it is not practical to manually replace the battery of sensor nodes. Therefore, for the development of wireless sensor networks, how to improve the network life, Rahim MaLai algorithm is a typical algorithm to maximize the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. This paper introduces the RaSMaLai algorithm in detail and aims at the possibility of its entering into invalid cycle and invalid waiting state. In this paper, two improvements are made and a new random transformation algorithm, NRASMA Lai. is proposed. One is improved to detect the data collection tree during initialization to prevent it from entering an invalid waiting state. In the process of updating the data collection tree, the state of the maximum load node in the data collection tree and all the descendant nodes are detected, if no potential parent node exists in all the descendant nodes of the maximum load node. Then the data collection tree is randomly converted according to a certain strategy to prevent the tree from entering an invalid cycle state, so as to ensure that the data collection tree can eventually achieve equilibrium or close to the preset equilibrium state. Using an improved one or two RaSMaLai algorithm can balance the data collection tree. In order to extend the lifetime of wireless sensor networks, a new random conversion algorithm, NRASMA Lai, is proposed on the basis of RaSMaLai, in which the nodes with the minimum load in the tree will be found in the data collection tree during the cycle. By increasing the load on the nodes themselves or their descendants, Experimental results show that NRaS MaLai has fewer iterative steps and fewer oscillations in the process of random conversion than Raj Mai.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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