基于IPv6的无线传感网络研究与实现

发布时间：2018-03-21 17:03

本文选题：IPv6　切入点：F_RPL路由协议　出处：《南京邮电大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：过去几年,无线传感网络的应用领域涉及军事、环境保护、装备制造、农业监测等等各行各业,传统的无线传感网络技术已无法承载。而IPv6协议能够为其带来海量的地址资源、高效的自动配置等技术,基于IPv6的无线传感网络架构稳定,扩展性好,能够与各种基于IP的网络无缝衔接。2004年,IETF成立6LoWPAN(IPv6 over Low-power Wireless Personal Area Networks)工作组,旨在解决将IPv6技术应用于无线传感网络存在的问题。基于IPv6的无线传感网络在安全和路由方面存在诸多问题。IPv6的ND协议(Neighbor Discovey)提供邻居、路由发现和地址自动配置的同时,存在众多安全隐患,包括机密性、完整性、重复攻击等等,传统的IPv6安全协议大多计算繁琐,机制冗杂,无法满足低功耗有损网络的需求。本文通过在ND邻居发现协议的交互报文消息中添加安全选项,设计了一种基于信任的节点安全接入机制:TBAM(Trust Based Access Mechanism),为6LoWPAN网络的节点和链路提供高效简单的安全保护。RPL路由协议(IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks)在网络拓扑建立和维护过程中无法公平高效的完成路由发现和链路质量更新问题,本文通过优化RPL路由协议的Trickle定时机制和邻居检测机制以改进网络的路由质量,提出了F_RPL应用方案。通过Cooja仿真工具进行测试分析,测试结果验证了F_RPL协议在业务报文交付率、网络形成时间、路由可靠性方面相较于RPL都有明显的提高。文末,结合节点安全接入机制TBAM和F_RPL路由协议,完成了基于IPv6的无线传感网络系统设计,包括Contiki/6LoWPAN协议栈中F_RPL路由协议和TBAM安全接入机制的开发和6LoWPAN网络的组网设计。最后进行了节点组网路由和网络连通性测试。整个测试过程中,系统运行正常,达到了预期的设计目标,这为今后进一步的研究奠定了理论和实践基础。
[Abstract]:Over the past few years, the field of application of wireless sensor network involving military, environmental protection, equipment manufacturing, agricultural monitoring and so on all walks of life, the traditional wireless sensor network technology has been unable to carry. While the IPv6 protocol can bring massive resources for its address, automatic configuration and efficient technology, IPv6 wireless sensor network architecture based on stability, scalability well, with various IP based network seamless.2004, IETF (IPv6 over Low-power Wireless 6LoWPAN Personal Area Networks) working group, to solve the IPv6 technology will be applied to wireless sensor network problems. Wireless sensor network IPv6.IPv6 problems in security and routing based on ND protocol (Neighbor Discovey) provides neighbor route discovery and address auto configuration at the same time, there are many security risks, including confidentiality, integrity, repeated attack and so on, the traditional The IPv6 security protocols are mostly tedious calculation and mechanism of complex, unable to meet the requirements of low power consumption in lossy networks. Based on ND neighbor discovery message interactive options add security protocol, design a node security access mechanism based on trust: TBAM (Trust Based Access Mechanism), to provide security efficient.RPL routing protocol a simple 6LoWPAN network node and link (IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks) problem can not be fair and efficient completion of route discovery and link quality update in the process of establishing and maintaining the network topology, the routing quality through optimization of RPL routing protocol Trickle timing mechanism and neighbor detection mechanism to improve the network, is put forward F_RPL application scheme is tested and analyzed by Cooja simulation tool, the test results verify the F_RPL protocol in the packet delivery rate of business, network form % of the time, compared to the RPL routing reliability are improved significantly. At the end of this paper, combined with the node security access mechanism of TBAM and F_RPL routing protocol, completed the design of wireless sensor network system based on IPv6, including the network design of Contiki/6LoWPAN protocol stack in F_RPL routing protocol and TBAM security access mechanism and 6LoWPAN network development. Finally the node network routing and network connectivity test. During the testing, the normal operation of the system to achieve the desired goals, which lays a theoretical and practical basis for the further research in the future.

【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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