无线传感器网络中的机会路由研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 12:16

本文选题：能量感知　切入点：编码感知　出处：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近些年来,无线传感器网络成为通信领域研究的一个热点,它是一种新型的数据监控网络。对于无线传感器网络来说,路由协议的研究有利于提高该网络的路由性能。传统的路由协议中,总是预先选择一条确定的路径来转发数据包,这种方式虽然简单,但由于无线传感器网络链路具有的丢失、时变等特性,因此不太适用于无线传感器网络环境。与传统的路由协议相比,机会路由利用了无线信道的广播性质,很好地适用于无线传感器网络环境。本文对机会路由进行研究,包括机会路由的路由度量设计、机会路由候选转发节点选择与排序算法设计以及候选转发节点间协调机制等几个方面进行深入研究,设计出符合无线传感器网络特性的机会路由协议。主要的研究内容如下:(1)传感器节点的能量是有限的,为了减少网络中的能量消耗,设计出一种基于能量感知的机会路由协议。通过能耗模型来计算出相邻节点间传输数据包所消耗的能量,继而计算出每个节点到目的节点传输数据包所需要消耗的能量,然后提出了一种综合节点能量消耗和剩余能量的路由度量,并根据此路由度量给出了候选转发节点选择与排序算法,最后用数据包序列号PSL方式来协调候选转发节点间数据包的转发,减少数据包的重复发送。仿真结果表明,该协议能有效地减少了网络中的能量消耗,均衡了网络能量,延长了网络生存时间。(2)由于网络编码技术的发展,很多学者将网络编码引入机会路由当中,但是大多数研究编码的机会路由协议还是以最短路径的ETX或编码机会大小作为路由度量,频繁选取距离目的节点近的或编码机会大的节点进行数据包的转发,会造成局部负载过重。因此,本文提出一种融合节点的编码机会与节点区域负载的综合路由度量,然后在此路由度量基础上提出一种基于编码感知的机会路由协议,通过主动探测节点的编码机会以寻求节点编码与区域负载之间的平衡。实验证明,该路由协议相对于传统的编码感知的机会路由协议,它能够更好地均衡网络负载,提高网络吞吐量,优化网络性能。
[Abstract]:In recent years, wireless sensor network (WSN) has become a hot topic in the field of communication, and it is a new type of data monitoring network. The research of routing protocol is helpful to improve the routing performance of the network. In the traditional routing protocols, a certain path is always selected to forward the packet in advance. This method is simple, but due to the loss of the link in the wireless sensor network. Compared with traditional routing protocols, opportunistic routing takes advantage of the broadcast nature of wireless channels. This paper studies opportunistic routing, including the routing metric design of opportunistic routing. The selection and sorting algorithm of the candidate forwarding node and the coordination mechanism between the candidate forwarding nodes are studied in detail. An opportunistic routing protocol is designed for wireless sensor networks. The main research contents are as follows: 1) the energy of sensor nodes is limited, in order to reduce the energy consumption in the network, An energy-aware opportunistic routing protocol is designed to calculate the energy consumption of transmitting packets between adjacent nodes through energy consumption model, and then calculate the energy consumed by each node to transmit data packets to the destination node. Then, a routing metric combining energy consumption and residual energy of nodes is proposed, and an algorithm for selecting and sorting candidate forwarding nodes is presented according to the routing metric. Finally, the packet sequence number (PSL) is used to coordinate the packet forwarding between candidate forwarding nodes and to reduce the repeated transmission of data packets. The simulation results show that the proposed protocol can effectively reduce the energy consumption in the network and balance the network energy. Because of the development of network coding technology, many scholars have introduced network coding into opportunistic routing. However, most of the code-coded opportunistic routing protocols take the ETX of the shortest path or the size of the encoding opportunity as the routing metric, and frequently select the node close to the destination node or the node with high coding opportunity to forward the data packet. Therefore, this paper proposes an integrated routing metric that combines the coding opportunities of nodes with the load in the node region, and then proposes an opportunistic routing protocol based on coding awareness based on this routing metric. By actively detecting the coding opportunities of nodes to find the balance between node coding and regional load, the experiments show that the proposed routing protocol can balance the network load better than the traditional code-aware opportunistic routing protocol. Improve network throughput and optimize network performance.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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