无线Mesh网络的负载均衡路由技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 14:26

本文选题：无线Mesh网络　切入点：路由度量　出处：《东华大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：近些年来,随着无线移动通信技术的高速发展,人们的生产和生活发生了翻天覆地的变化。无线Mesh网络(Wireless Mesh Networks,WMN)作为一种宽带无线网络结构,因其自组织、自愈性、高速率、易组网和可靠性高等优点得到了广泛的应用。无线Mesh网络中,节点数目逐渐增多、网络业务量不断加大,网络拓扑也变得越来越复杂,网络性能随之下降。在这种情况下,负载均衡通过利用不同分组传输路径和有足够带宽资源的节点转发分组,减轻网络拥塞,达到提高网络吞吐量和保证网络性能的目的。因此研究WMN负载均衡功能的路由度量,对提升网络整体性能有十分重要的意义。首先,本文概述了无线Mesh网络及其网络架构,对WMN节点负载均衡和网关节点负载均衡进行了深入的分析与研究,进一步讨论了负载均衡路由度量和AODV协议。其次,文章对干扰负载感知路由度量(Interference-Load Aware routing metric,ILA)展开分析,提出干扰感知的负载均衡路由度量(Interference-Aware Load Balancing routing metric,IALB)。在干扰邻居节点的负载描述干扰强度的基础上,进一步分析节点负载的影响,将干扰邻居节点的数量、负载和与被干扰节点的距离综合作用因素作为流间干扰强度。使用节点处的平均队列长度捕捉节点负载,并改进期望传输时间消除链路的不对称性,避开重干扰区域,均衡网络流量,避免发生拥塞,实现无线mesh网络内部节点的负载均衡。再次,本文在ialb基础上进行多网关拓展,根据多网关负载对网络性能的影响,提出干扰感知的多网关负载均衡路由度量(interference-awareloadbalancemulti-gatewayroutingmetric,ilbmg)。通过节点分级、自回归平滑机制计算网关负载,反映网关节点剩余能力,区分internet业务和客户端业务,描述通信链路干扰强度,均衡干扰环境下多网关无线mesh网络中通信流量。最后,文章搭建ns2仿真平台,基于ramon模型设计了多接口多信道的ns2模块。基于异构无线mesh网络,完成了网关模块的设计,包括与internet和与wmn内部节点互通两部分内容。在无线mesh网络格形拓扑中分别对ialb和ilbmg路由度量进行固定数据流个数下发包速率对网络性能影响的仿真实验。此外,在随机拓扑中分别对ialb和ilbmg路由度量进行了数据流个数和发包速率多因素对网络性能影响的仿真实验。ns2仿真结果表明ialb和ilbmg路由度量能够显著提高网络整体吞吐量,避开重干扰区域,降低平均端到端时延和丢包率,提升网络整体性能,达到负载均衡的目的。ILBMG路由度量还能够在多网关环境下显著提高网络容量,均衡网关节点负载,提高网络资源利用率。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of wireless mobile communication technology, people's production and life have undergone earth-shaking changes. Wireless Mesh Network Wireless Mesh Networks WMNs as a broadband wireless network structure, because of its self-organization, self-healing, high speed. The advantages of easy networking and high reliability have been widely used. In wireless Mesh networks, the number of nodes increases gradually, the network traffic increases, the network topology becomes more and more complex, and the network performance drops. Load balancing can reduce network congestion by making use of different packet transmission paths and nodes with sufficient bandwidth resources to improve network throughput and ensure network performance. Therefore, the routing metric of WMN load balancing function is studied. It is of great significance to improve the overall performance of the network. Firstly, this paper summarizes the wireless Mesh network and its network architecture, and deeply analyzes and studies the load balancing of WMN node and gateway node. Furthermore, the load balancing routing metric and AODV protocol are discussed. Secondly, the interference load Aware routing metric ILA is analyzed. An interference aware load balancing routing metric, Interference-Aware Load Balancing routing metric, is proposed. Based on the interference intensity described by the load of the interference neighbor node, the influence of the node load is further analyzed, and the number of neighbor nodes will be disturbed. The load and the distance between the disturbed node and the load are taken as the strength of the interflow interference. The average queue length at the node is used to capture the load of the node, and the expected transmission time is improved to eliminate the asymmetry of the link and avoid the area of heavy interference. Balancing network traffic, avoiding congestion, realizing load balancing of internal nodes in wireless mesh network. Thirdly, this paper extends multi-gateway on the basis of ialb, according to the influence of multi-gateway load on network performance. A multi-gateway load balancing routing measure based on interference awareness is proposed. The interference-awareloadbalancti-emulative routing metric is used to calculate the gateway load through node classification and autoregressive smoothing mechanism, which reflects the residual capability of gateway nodes, distinguishes between internet services and client services, and describes the intensity of interference in communication links. Finally, the ns2 simulation platform is built, and the multi-interface and multi-channel ns2 module is designed based on the ramon model. Based on heterogeneous wireless mesh network, the gateway module is designed. It includes two parts: interworking with internet and internal nodes with wmn. In the lattice topology of wireless mesh network, the simulation experiments on the effect of packet rate on network performance under fixed number of data streams are carried out for ialb and ilbmg routing metrics, respectively. Ialb and ilbmg routing metrics are simulated in random topology. Simulation results show that ialb and ilbmg routing metrics can significantly improve the overall throughput of the network. The simulation results show that ialb and ilbmg routing metrics can significantly improve the overall throughput of the network. Avoiding the heavy interference region, reducing the average end-to-end delay and packet loss rate, improving the overall performance of the network, achieving load balance. ILBMG routing metric can also significantly increase network capacity in multi-gateway environment, balance the load of gateway node. Improve the utilization of network resources.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN929.5

【参考文献】