基于磁电阻效应的电子罗盘研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 00:04

本文选题：磁阻传感器　切入点：电子罗盘　出处：《电子科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：指南针自古以来就是人们导航定向的重要工具。随着科技的发展,电子罗盘逐渐替代传统指南针,广泛应用于航海航天,探险勘测等领域。在各种导航技术蓬勃发展的今天,电子罗盘产品以其独有的优良特性,在导航定向方面仍作为基本的工具被广泛使用。基于这一背景,本文采用各向异性磁阻传感器作为磁敏感元件对电子罗盘系统进行相关的研究。主要研究内容如下:本文以实现一种小型化,便携化,精度在3°以内,可以满足一般民用需求的电子罗盘为研究目标。首先,研究基于电子罗盘测量原理,根据罗盘系统预期性能指标,在硬件上主要开展了方案设计、芯片选型、电路设计、功能验证、参数调整等工作,实现了对电子罗盘航向角计算的必要信息的采集;其次,为匹配硬件的设计,在软件及数据提取上开展了实现软件滤波算法、误差补偿校正算法和航向角计算工作。经过软件滤波算法处理,数据中干扰成分得到抑制,采样曲线平滑。数据补偿算法明显提高了航向角输出精度。最后,研究搭建了基于各向异性传感器的电子罗盘样机,该电子罗盘系统在水平状态下,0°~360°范围内航向精度测量平均误差为2°,在倾角±30°的范围内,罗盘仍可正常工作并且满足精度要求。
[Abstract]:The compass has been an important tool for people's navigation and orientation since ancient times.With the development of science and technology, electronic compass is gradually replacing the traditional compass, widely used in navigation, exploration, and other fields.With the rapid development of various navigation technologies, electronic compass products are still widely used as basic tools for navigation and orientation due to their unique excellent characteristics.Based on this background, an anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor is used as a magnetic sensor to study the electronic compass system.The main research contents are as follows: the aim of this paper is to realize a kind of electronic compass with miniaturization, portability, accuracy less than 3 掳, which can meet the general civil needs.First of all, based on the electronic compass measurement principle, according to the expected performance index of the compass system, the main hardware design, chip selection, circuit design, function verification, parameter adjustment and other work are carried out.The necessary information of calculating the heading angle of electronic compass is collected. Secondly, for the design of matching hardware, software filtering algorithm, error compensation correction algorithm and course angle calculation are carried out in software and data extraction.After processing by software filtering algorithm, the interference components in the data are suppressed and the sampling curve is smooth.The precision of heading angle output is improved obviously by the data compensation algorithm.Finally, the prototype of electronic compass based on anisotropic sensor is built. The average error of course measurement is 2 掳in the range of 0 掳~ 360 掳and 卤30 掳in the range of inclination.The compass can still work properly and meet the precision requirements.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN96;TP212

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