L波段二次防撞雷达相控阵天线的研制

发布时间：2018-04-04 13:22

本文选题：二次防撞雷达系统　切入点：定向　出处：《南京信息工程大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：早期的相控阵雷达最早主要应用于军事领域,随着科技进步,其相关技术也应用到民航客机系统中,如民航飞机的机载防撞雷达系统等。空中交通安全是当下的热门话题,机载二次防撞雷达系统的性能至关重要,它必须实时探查出飞行轨道上的来往客机,并发出警报,避免与之相撞。一款能够实现水平面前后左右定向波束扫描和水平全向扫描的内置防撞天线是当前民航机载二次防撞雷达系统的必需品。基于飞机气动特性的要求,安装在飞机表皮的二次防撞雷达天线,在结构上应满足小型化,轻量化和工作稳定等的要求。本文设计的是一款L波段二次防撞雷达相控阵天线,工作于民航通讯频段1.03GHz-1.09GHz。论文完成的工作主要包括:1.独立设计了新型的天线阵列,比国外同类天线尺寸缩小2/5; 2.设计了新型的相控阵天线有源馈电网络,功能上实现对天线阵列的相位幅度加权,能够实现5种波束扫描,功率容量达到200W; 3.天线阵列单元采用平面倒F形式,使用渐变馈电方式,并加入寄生单元,在拓展天线带宽的同时实现小型化。实测结果证明:天线的全向/定向模式实现了驻波比1.6以下90MHz的带宽(1.02GHz-1.11GHz), 一定程度上预防了频率偏移对天线系统工作的不良影响。天线定向模式的波束宽度优于90°,四个方向增益值都优于2dB;全向模式波束宽度实现360°全向,增益值优于-1dB,全向不圆度低于1.6dB,都满足本文指标要求。
[Abstract]:The early phased array radar was mainly used in the military field. With the development of science and technology, the related technology was also applied to the civil aviation passenger aircraft system, such as the airborne anti-collision radar system of civil aviation aircraft.Air traffic safety is a hot topic at present. The performance of airborne secondary collision prevention radar system is very important. It must detect the passenger plane on the flight track in real time and give an alarm to avoid colliding with it.A built-in anti-collision antenna, which can realize horizontal plane beam scanning and horizontal omnidirectional scanning, is a necessity of civil aviation secondary collision radar system.Based on the requirements of aircraft aerodynamic characteristics, the secondary anti-collision radar antenna installed on the aircraft surface should meet the requirements of miniaturization, lightweight and stable operation.In this paper, a phased array antenna of L-band secondary anti-collision radar is designed, which works in the civil aviation communication frequency range of 1.03GHz to 1.09GHz.The work accomplished in the thesis mainly consists of 1: 1.A new antenna array is designed independently, which is 2 / 5 / 2.A novel phased array antenna active feed network is designed. The phase amplitude weighting of the antenna array can be realized, and five beam scanning can be realized. The power capacity can reach 200W; 3.The antenna array unit is in the form of plane inverted F, using a gradual feed mode, and adding parasitic elements, which can expand the antenna bandwidth and realize miniaturization at the same time.The measured results show that the omnidirectional / directional mode of the antenna achieves the bandwidth of 1.02GHz-1.11GHz of 90MHz below the standing wave ratio of 1.6, which to some extent prevents the adverse effects of frequency offset on the operation of the antenna system.The beam width of the directional mode is better than 90 掳, and the gain values of the four directions are better than 2 dB, while the omnidirectional mode beam width is 360 掳omnidirectional, the gain value is better than -1dB, and the omnidirectional unroundness is less than 1.6 dB, all of them meet the requirements of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：南京信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN957.2

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