混合无线Mesh网络协作混合路由协议研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 10:29

本文选题：混合无线Mesh网络　切入点：协作混合路由协议　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：混合无线Mesh网络(Wireless Mesh Network,WMN)结合了骨干WMN和客户端WMN的特点和优势,是最一般的WMN。其中静态的Mesh路由器具有多接口,且没有能量限制,而动态的Mesh客户端与其不同,通常只具有单接口,并且能量受限。由于路由协议决定了从源节点到目的节点转发数据的路径,因此路由协议可以很大程度上影响网络性能。设计适用于混合WMN特点的路由协议可有效提升混合WMN的网络性能。现有对路由协议的研究多针对同构网络,如ad hoc网络和骨干Mesh网络,为混合WMN所设计的路由协议较少,且未考虑混合WMN中Mesh客户端与Mesh路由器的特点,没有充分利用稳定的Mesh路由器。路由协议分为主动路由协议、被动路由协议与混合路由协议。主动路由协议在数据包传送之前即找好网络中的路由,适用于静态节点,而被动路由协议只在有通信需求时才找路,适用于动态节点。因此,结合了主动路由协议与被动路由协议优势的混合路由协议十分适用于混合WMN。但现有的混合路由协议研究未考虑网络状态,因此设计一种考虑混合WMN网络特点及网络状态的混合路由协议具有重要的价值。本文针对现有的为混合WMN设计的路由协议未能考虑Mesh客户端与Mesh路由器特点的问题,提出了一种干扰与能量感知协作混合路由协议(Cooperative Hybrid Routing Protocol,CHRP)。CHRP结合了主动路由协议与被动路由协议的优点,分别改进了主动和被动路由协议的路由度量。在被动路由协议设计中,设计了节点类型感知的路由度量,考虑了信道状态、干扰和受限的客户端能量。获取各信息时,采用了跨层的方法,避免了额外的开销。此外,CHRP的设计同时考虑了网络中网关导向型和客户端导向型的业务,更接近真实网络场景。NS3仿真结果表明,CHRP在平均丢包率、网络时延、网络吞吐量、客户端平均能耗和最小客户端剩余能量等性能方面均有明显提升。在CHRP的基础上,本文又提出了一种负载感知的协作混合路由协议(Load-aware cooperative hybrid routing protocol,LA-CHRP),解决了现有为混合WMN设计的混合路由协议均未考虑网络负载的问题,从而减轻网络拥塞状况。LA-CHRP不仅考虑了Mesh客户端和Mesh路由器的特点,还考虑了负载,分别为Mesh客户端和Mesh路由器节点设定了不同的负载等级。在路由协议协作机制中,针对网关导向型的业务,通过考虑负载等级来更合理地应用Mesh路由器,只有负载状况良好的Mesh路由器才会被选为接入节点。对于客户端导向型的业务,LA-CHRP采用节点类型感知的路由度量,优先选择Mesh路由器节点来使得所选路由更加稳定。在选择Mesh客户端时,若节点的剩余能量充足,会选择具有更低负载的Mesh客户端来传递数据。NS3仿真结果表明,在不同的网络场景下,LA-CHRP可以帮助混合WMN获得高吞吐量、低时延和低丢包率。本文的研究为混合WMN中协作混合路由协议设计提供了理论基础。
[Abstract]:Hybrid Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) combines the characteristics and advantages of backbone WMN and client WMN, and is the most common WMNs.The static Mesh router has multiple interfaces and no energy limitation, but the dynamic Mesh client is different from it, usually only has a single interface, and the energy is limited.Because the routing protocol determines the path of forwarding data from the source node to the destination node, the routing protocol can greatly affect the network performance.The design of routing protocol suitable for hybrid WMN can effectively improve the network performance of hybrid WMN.The existing researches on routing protocols focus on the isomorphic networks, such as ad hoc networks and backbone Mesh networks. However, there are few routing protocols designed for hybrid WMN, and the characteristics of Mesh clients and Mesh routers in hybrid WMN are not taken into account.The stable Mesh router is not fully utilized.Routing protocols are divided into active routing protocols, passive routing protocols and hybrid routing protocols.The active routing protocol can find the route in the network before the data packet is transmitted, and it is suitable for the static node, while the passive routing protocol only finds the route when there is the communication requirement, so it is suitable for the dynamic node.Therefore, the hybrid routing protocol, which combines the advantages of active routing protocol and passive routing protocol, is very suitable for hybrid WMNs.However, the existing hybrid routing protocols do not consider the network state, so it is of great value to design a hybrid routing protocol that takes into account the characteristics and network states of hybrid WMN networks.In this paper, the existing routing protocols designed for hybrid WMN fail to consider the characteristics of Mesh clients and Mesh routers.This paper presents a cooperative Hybrid Routing protocol, Cooperative Hybrid Routing Protocol, which combines the advantages of active routing protocol and passive routing protocol, and improves the routing metrics of active and passive routing protocols respectively.In the design of passive routing protocols, a node-type-aware routing metric is designed, which takes into account the channel state, interference and limited client energy.The method of cross-layer is used to obtain each information, which avoids the extra cost.In addition, the design of CHRP takes into account both gateway oriented and client-oriented services in the network, which is closer to the real network scenario. NS3 simulation results show that CHRP has average packet loss rate, network delay, and network throughput.The average energy consumption of the client and the minimum residual energy of the client are significantly improved.In order to reduce network congestion. LA-CHRP not only takes into account the characteristics of Mesh client and Mesh router but also takes into account the load and sets different load levels for Mesh client and Mesh router node respectively.In the routing protocol collaboration mechanism, only the Mesh router with good load can be selected as the access node by considering the load level of the Mesh router.For client-oriented services LA-CHRP adopts node-type-aware routing metrics and gives priority to Mesh router nodes to make the routing more stable.Low delay and low packet loss rate.The research in this paper provides a theoretical basis for collaborative hybrid routing protocol design in hybrid WMN.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN929.5

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