基于矢量乘法器的新型多通道接收机设计和实现

发布时间：2018-04-09 23:34

本文选题：多通道接收机　切入点：波束赋形　出处：《南京邮电大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：接收机的发展和通信系统的发展是密不可分的,接收机是作为相控阵雷达、射电天文学、无线通信等系统的主要硬件组成部分。本文以智能天线为应用背景,设计了一款基于矢量乘法器的8通道接收机,结合上位机软件可实现校正和波束合成功能。1、智能天线的核心技术—波束赋形,波束合成方式有模拟域和数字域两种。本课题从实际系统需求出发设计了一款低成本的模拟域波束合成系统,使用矢量乘法器去实现多通道接收机中的调幅和移相功能。从而保证系统正常工作的条件下降低系统的复杂度,带来大规模应用成本的降低。矢量乘法器作为设计多通道接收机的关键组成部分—移相和调幅,在考虑了精度、集成度、成本等问题后本文根据具体的应用背景提出了一种应用于低频段多通道接收机的解决方案。2、本文应用一款矢量乘法器实现了调幅和移相两个功能,取代了传统的需要数字移相器和可调增益放大器两款芯片的工作。选取可以精确调节的矢量乘法器使得满足系统对于接收机最小移相精度和调幅精度的要求。这么做可以避免在很多系统中需要两个LO信号带来的干扰源问题,保证了系统的正常运行。3、为了达到工程应用的目的,在硬件的支持下需要对接收机的各个通道和天线的不平衡度进行校正。本课题基于Labview平台开发了针对矢量乘法器的校正软件和波束合成软件,选项卡进行切换。通过合理的校正算法,最终实测结果可以实现单通道相位360°可调,校正精度0.18°;幅度动态范围20dB,精度为0.2dB。最后,根据系统应用场景搭建暗室测试环境,根据阵列天线测试结果实现了多通道接收机的设计。
[Abstract]:The development of receiver is closely related to the development of communication system. Receiver is the main hardware component of phased array radar, radio astronomy, wireless communication and so on.In this paper, an 8-channel receiver based on vector multiplier is designed with smart antenna as the application background. The function of correction and beamforming can be realized by using host computer software. The core technology of smart antenna is beamforming.There are two kinds of beamforming methods: analog domain and digital domain.In this paper, a low cost analog domain beam-synthesizing system is designed according to the actual system requirements. A vector multiplier is used to realize the amplitude modulation and phase shift function in the multi-channel receiver.Thus, the complexity of the system is reduced and the cost of large-scale application is reduced under the condition of normal operation of the system.Vector multiplier, as a key component of designing multi-channel receiver-phase shift and amplitude modulation, takes into account the accuracy and integration.Based on the specific application background, this paper puts forward a solution for low frequency multichannel receiver. In this paper, a vector multiplier is used to realize the functions of amplitude modulation and phase shift.Instead of the traditional digital phase shifter and adjustable gain amplifier two chips to work.The vector multiplier, which can be accurately adjusted, is chosen to meet the requirements of the system for the minimum phase shift accuracy and amplitude modulation accuracy of the receiver.This can avoid the interference source problem caused by the need of two Lo signals in many systems, and ensure the normal operation of the system .3. in order to achieve the purpose of engineering application,With the support of hardware, it is necessary to correct the unbalance of each channel and antenna of the receiver.Based on Labview platform, the software of vector multiplier correction and beamforming is developed in this paper, and the tab is switched.Through a reasonable correction algorithm, the final measured results can achieve a single channel phase of 360 掳adjustable, correction accuracy of 0.18 掳, amplitude dynamic range of 20 dB, accuracy of 0.2 dB.Finally, the design of multi-channel receiver is realized according to the test result of array antenna and the test environment of darkroom is built according to the application scene of the system.
【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN851

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