基于粒子群算法的Ad Hoc网络路由优化方法研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 09:08

本文选题：Ad + Hoc　；参考：《中北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：Ad Hoc网络是由多个可移动节点组成的无线网络,它以无中心、自组织、不需要基础设施支持、采用分布式管理系统、网络拓扑结构灵活变化等特点应用在特殊领域,例如:灾区救援、战场、传感器网络等。由于这些特殊领域对网络的传输速度、传输延时、传输过程中的消耗有更高的要求,原有的Ad Hoc网络协议不能提供这些服务,因此在网络拓扑结构一直变化的Ad Hoc网络中,提供有服务质量保障的路径是一个很重要的任务。本文的主要工作如下:(1)介绍标准PSO算法的思想、算法中参数的意义、算法的工作流程,在此基础之上,引入惯性权重(RandWPSO)、线性递减(LDWPSO)、收缩因子(CFPSO)、混沌(ACPSO)四种改进粒子群算法,采用MATLAB进行仿真实验,把四种算法应用到网络中,实验结果表明:ACPSO可以更快找到最优路径并且快速传输数据。(2)AODV路由协议有两个缺点:没有考虑实际网络中带宽、时延和代价;路由表只存在唯一一条从源节点到目的节点的路径。根据这两个缺点,结合混沌粒子群算法对AODV协议的RREQ、RREP数据包进行改进,同时也改进路由发现,路由维护和修复机制。(3)基于NS2仿真平台,对改进的AODV协议建立仿真模型并且进行实验,设置不同的网络环境,测试分组投递率、网络延时、路由发现频率。实验的结果表明:传输数据过程中,改进的协议比AODV协议找到的路由性能更高,可以更快、更稳定传输数据。
[Abstract]:Ad Hoc network is a wireless network composed of multiple mobile nodes. It is applied in special fields with the characteristics of no center, self-organization, no infrastructure support, distributed management system, flexible network topology, etc.For example: disaster relief, battlefield, sensor network and so on.Because these special fields require higher transmission speed, delay and consumption in the transmission process, the original Ad Hoc network protocol can not provide these services, so in the Ad Hoc network, the topology of the network has been changing.Providing a path to quality of service assurance is an important task.The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) this paper introduces the idea of standard PSO algorithm, the meaning of parameters in the algorithm, and the workflow of the algorithm. On this basis, four improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms are introduced, such as inertial weight, linear decrement, contraction factor and chaos.The simulation experiment with MATLAB is carried out, and the four algorithms are applied to the network. The experimental results show that the MATLAB can find the optimal path faster and transmit data quickly. The routing protocol has two disadvantages: it does not consider the bandwidth, delay and cost in the actual network;There is only one path from the source node to the destination node in the routing table.According to these two shortcomings, this paper combines chaotic particle swarm optimization algorithm to improve the RREQN RREP packet of AODV protocol, and also improves the routing discovery, route maintenance and repair mechanism based on the NS2 simulation platform.The simulation model of the improved AODV protocol is established and the experiments are carried out to set up different network environments to test packet delivery rate, network delay and route discovery frequency.The experimental results show that the improved protocol has higher routing performance, faster and more stable data transmission than the AODV protocol in the process of data transmission.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP18;TN929.5

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