基于ZYNQ的ISAR系统设计与实现

发布时间：2018-04-23 21:10

本文选题：ISAR + ZYNQ　；参考：《西南交通大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：雷达成像技术已有50多年的历史了,随着近年来集成电路和成像算法的不断发展和应用,雷达成像技术在国防和民用领域中都取得了重要的应用。它不仅仅提高了雷达对感兴趣目标的信息获取能力,而且为探测非合作目标提供了一种额外的方式,是雷达发展历史上的一个里程碑,也是雷达领域的一个研究热点。一般来说,成像雷达包括合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR)成像和逆合成孔径雷达(Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar, ISAR)成像,它们的基本原理相同,都是在距离向和方位向上分别对目标的回波信号进行处理,而在具体的成像体制上,SAR是利用雷达平台的运动形成合成孔径来对固定区域成像,ISAR是利用静止不动的雷达平台对运动目标进行成像。Xilinx公司推出的ZYNQ-7000系列产品上集成了最新工艺的ARM处理器和FPGA逻辑资源,并为该系列产品提供了丰富的的开发工具,评估板和软件支持包。作为新一代的SOPC (System on a Programmable Chip), ZYNQ-7000可以通过片上的ARM处理器提供完善的片上集成外设和丰富标准接口,又可以通过FPGA获得较高的计算性能和数据传输能力。ADI公司推出的AD9361是一款双发双收处理器,集成了12位的数模转换器和模数转换器,工作频率范围在70MHz-6GHz,囊括了众多协议中使用的免授权频段和其他可用频段,使其可以有广泛的应用场景。该芯片还具有实时监控、自动控制增益、接收灵敏度高、控制方式灵活、功耗小等特点。本文研究了以ZYNQ为主控制器,以AD9361为协处理器的ISAR系统。在系统硬件方面,首先分析了ISAR成像的基本原理和常用算法,再根据ISAR信号处理对信号源的需求,进行系统框架设计,划分功能模块,调研上述芯片对应的评估板的技术参数和系统性能,设计了基于ZYNQ和AD9361的硬件解决方案。在系统软件方面,首先调研了Xilinx公司和ADI公司推荐的各种评估板的驱动方式,再结合现有的条件,基于Matlab和Xilinx提供的SDK设计并实现了控制软件以驱动硬件系统完成对信号收发以及回波数据存储。为验证系统功能,对系统进行了两项测试,包括测试系统的信号收发功能和系统能正常工作的最大信号带宽。最后将系统部署到两个不同的实际场景中进行实测,并对实测回波数据进行ISAR信号处理。实测结果验证了系统的可行性,表明该系统能完成目标的信息获取。
[Abstract]:Radar imaging technology has been used for more than 50 years. With the development and application of integrated circuits and imaging algorithms in recent years, radar imaging technology has obtained important applications in the field of national defense and civil affairs. It not only improves the information acquisition ability of radar to the target of interest, but also provides an additional way to detect non-cooperative targets. It is a milestone in the history of radar development and a research hotspot in the field of radar. Generally speaking, imaging radars include synthetic Aperture radar (SAR) imaging and inverse Synthetic Aperture Radarimaging (ISAR) imaging. They are based on the same principles and are used to process the echo signals of the target in both the range and azimuth directions, respectively. In the specific imaging system, the SAR is to use the motion of radar platform to form synthetic aperture to image the fixed area. It is the ZYNQ-7000 series product set which uses the stationary radar platform to image the moving target. Xilinx Company Become the newest ARM processor and FPGA logic resource, And for the series of products to provide a wealth of development tools, evaluation board and software support package. As a new generation of SOPC system on a Programmable ChipP, ZYNQ-7000 can provide complete on-chip integrated peripherals and rich standard interfaces through on-chip ARM processors. FPGA can also achieve high computing performance and data transmission capability. ADI AD9361 is a dual transmitter and dual-receive processor, which integrates 12-bit digital-to-analog converter and analog-to-digital converter. The operating frequency ranges from 70MHz to 6GHz, which includes the non-authorization band and other available frequency bands used in many protocols, which makes it possible to have a wide range of application scenarios. The chip also has the characteristics of real-time monitoring, automatic gain control, high receiving sensitivity, flexible control mode and low power consumption. In this paper, a ISAR system with ZYNQ as main controller and AD9361 as coprocessor is studied. In the aspect of system hardware, firstly, the basic principle and common algorithms of ISAR imaging are analyzed. Then, according to the demand of ISAR signal processing for signal source, the system frame is designed and the function module is divided. The hardware solution based on ZYNQ and AD9361 is designed by investigating the technical parameters and system performance of the evaluation board. In the aspect of system software, firstly, the driving methods of various evaluation boards recommended by Xilinx Company and ADI Company are investigated, and then combined with the existing conditions, Based on the SDK provided by Matlab and Xilinx, the control software is designed and implemented to drive the hardware system to receive and receive signals and store echo data. In order to verify the system function, two tests were carried out, including the signal transceiver function of the test system and the maximum signal bandwidth of the system. Finally, the system is deployed to two different real scenes to carry out the actual measurement, and the ISAR signal processing of the measured echo data is carried out. The experimental results verify the feasibility of the system and show that the system can achieve the target information acquisition.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN957.52

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