基于RSSI测距的室内无线定位技术的研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 03:14

本文选题：室内定位 + RSSI　；参考：《安徽理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：无线传感器网络凭借其低功耗和低成本等优点,在现实生活中得到越来越广泛的应用,特别是定位技术,在这几年来吸引了很多学者的研究。并在军事、医疗、救灾等多个领域都获得了很好的应用。在室外环境中,可以采用全球定位系统(Globle Positioning System,GPS)来对一些目标进行定位。但在室内环境中,由于障碍物、人员走动和墙壁等众多因素的影响,无线信号的能量和方向在传播过程中都会发生不同层次的变化,使得室外采用的定位技术在室内应用时产生定位精度低或者无法应用的情况。本文主要以提高室内定位技术的定位精确度为研究目的,针对室内定位在定位过程中易受干扰,着重分析环境参数和突发干扰两种环境因素干扰问题,首先为了减小环境参数取值不精确和全局环境参数替代局部环境参数造成的测距误差,对室内定位区域进行划分,获得不同的子区域,并对每个子区域进行线性回归拟合环境参数,从而获得更加精确的局部环境参数用于每个区域内的定位,以此降低测距误差。接着针对RSSI值在测量过程中易受到突发干扰而导致最终测量值不准确的问题,选用高斯模型先对节点测量到的RSSI数组进行过滤,再对那些保留下来没有受到突发干扰的RSSI数值取平均值作为最终测量的RSSI值,从而提高RSSI测量值的准确性。最后分析了三边定位法在实际环境中的应用情况,考虑到传统的加权三边定位法在定位过程中对权值的选择无法体现出不同权值的主次要地位,提出了改进的加权三边定位法。通过MATLAB仿真验证了改进方法在定位精度上有所提高。
[Abstract]:With its advantages of low power consumption and low cost, wireless sensor networks have been more and more widely used in real life, especially positioning technology, which has attracted many scholars in recent years. And in military, medical, disaster relief and other fields have been very good applications. In an outdoor environment, the Global Positioning system (GPS) can be used to locate some targets. But in the indoor environment, the energy and direction of the wireless signal will change at different levels during the propagation process due to the influence of many factors, such as obstacles, people moving around and walls, etc. So that outdoor positioning technology in indoor application of low positioning accuracy or can not be applied. In order to improve the accuracy of indoor positioning technology, this paper focuses on the analysis of two kinds of environmental factors, environmental parameters and sudden interference, in view of the vulnerability of indoor positioning to interference in the positioning process. Firstly, in order to reduce the ranging error caused by the inaccuracy of environmental parameters and the substitution of global environmental parameters for local environmental parameters, the indoor positioning area is divided and different sub-regions are obtained. In order to obtain more accurate local environmental parameters for each sub-region and to reduce the range error, the local environment parameters are fitted by linear regression for each sub-region. Then, aiming at the problem that the RSSI value is easily disturbed by burst in the measurement process, which leads to the inaccuracy of the final measurement value, Gao Si model is used to filter the RSSI array measured by the node first. Then the average value of RSSI is taken as the RSSI value of final measurement, which can improve the accuracy of RSSI measurement. Finally, the application of trilateral localization method in practical environment is analyzed. Considering that the traditional weighted trilateral localization method can not reflect the primary and secondary position of different weights in the localization process, an improved weighted trilateral localization method is proposed. The improved method is proved to be more accurate by MATLAB simulation.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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