基于线性光学元件的非经典态的制备、操控及应用

发布时间：2018-04-26 08:16

本文选题：量子态 + 线性光学元件　；参考：《南京邮电大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：量子通信因其独特的纠缠性和非经典性,使其具有传统信息无可比拟的优势。量子态在量子通信领域起着十分重要的作用,量子通信的过程实际上就是量子态的制备和操作过程。量子密钥是量子通信安全的前提保障,其量子密钥的安全性是建立在量子力学基础理论之上,并已被科学家们严格证明。目前,量子通信引起科学界越来越多的关注。在本文中,首先介绍了量子通信的研究背景、意义和发展现状,然后叙述了量子力学与光学的某些基本概念,以及量子密钥分配的相关协议,尤其是基于诱骗态的量子密钥分配。在介绍完量子通信的基本知识后,本文就非经典态的制备、操纵及其应用方面提出了相关方案。首先,文本提出了一个利用线性光学元件制备任意的双光子叠加态的方案,并利用Wigner函数和态的保真度来分析最终的目标态。最终研究发现:即使在非理想的实验条件下,该方案所获得的叠加态依然具有明显的非经典性质和较高的保真度。然后文本探讨了非经典光在基于SARG04协议的诱骗态量子密钥分配中的应用。通过进行相应的理论推导和数值模拟,结果表明:即使是考虑现实条件(输入光源脉冲数目有限)时,基于非经典的指示单光子源的SARG04诱骗态方案依然具有较高的安全成码率与较远的传输距离,且参数优化方法可以提高安全密钥成码率。
[Abstract]:Because of its unique entanglement and nonclassical, quantum communication has the advantage of traditional information. Quantum states play an important role in the field of quantum communication. The process of quantum communication is actually the preparation and operation of quantum states. Quantum key is the precondition of quantum communication security. The security of quantum key is based on the basic theory of quantum mechanics and has been strictly proved by scientists. At present, quantum communication has attracted more and more attention from the scientific community. In this paper, we first introduce the background, significance and development of quantum communication, then describe some basic concepts of quantum mechanics and optics, and the protocols of quantum key distribution. Especially the quantum key distribution based on the decoy state. After introducing the basic knowledge of quantum communication, this paper puts forward related schemes for the preparation, manipulation and application of nonclassical states. Firstly, a scheme of preparing arbitrary two-photon superposition states using linear optical elements is proposed, and the final target states are analyzed by using Wigner function and state fidelity. Finally, it is found that the superposition states obtained by this scheme still have obvious nonclassical properties and high fidelity even under non-ideal experimental conditions. Then the paper discusses the application of nonclassical light in the decoy state quantum key distribution based on SARG04 protocol. Through the corresponding theoretical derivation and numerical simulation, the results show that even when the actual conditions are considered (the number of input light pulses is limited), The SARG04 decoy state scheme based on the non-classical single photon source still has a higher secure bit-forming rate and a longer transmission distance, and the parameter optimization method can improve the bit-forming rate of the secure key.
【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN918.4;O413

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