新型宽带MIMO天线的设计与研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 17:39

本文选题：MIMO + 降耦合　；参考：《电子科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济、文化的不断发展,各种多媒体业务不断出现,对无线通信系统的要求不断提高。在通信系统的容量、传输速率等方面提出了新的要求。多天线系统的使用,特别是多输入多输出(multiple-input-multiple-output,MIMO)天线系统的使用,是在有限的带宽内,提高信道容量,加快传输速率,提升可靠性的有效途径。然而将多天线元设置在较小的空间内,将会引起天线元彼此之间的耦合,激发耦合表面电流,从而影响天线的整体性能。为此如何提高隔离度以成为MIMO天线技术发展的核心问题。同时如何在宽带范围内,让MIMO天线的天线元之间均保持良好的隔离度,也是一个重要研究方向。本文的主要研究内容如下:1.设计了一种4×4宽带高隔离MIMO天线,工作频带为4.3-15.5GHz。基于枝节加载的原理,具有良好的隔离度,在工作带宽内隔离度超过15dB,在大部分带宽超过20dB。该天线的尺寸为40×40mm~2,采用FR4介质基板,相对介电常数为4.4,厚度为0.8mm。本天线单元设计为共面波导天线,其地板本身可产生与传统地板枝节类似的作用,改变耦合电流分布,提高端口间的隔离度。并且通过合理设计天线元的相对位置,实现了进一步降低耦合的效果。2.提出了一种尺寸为25×40×1.6mm~3的小型化MIMO天线。两个天线单元对称地印刷在介质基板上,并工作在5.8GHz。通过在天线单元间引入超材料结构来抑制天线单元的表面波,以实现降低耦合度的目的。此天线端口间的隔离度具有高于24dB的隔离度,并且具有良好的方向图、效率和增益。3.设计了一种平面单极子小型化超宽带MIMO天线。该小型化MIMO天线工作频带为3GHz-10.7GHz,尺寸仅为30×40mm~2。该天线在小尺度的空间内,在两个平面单极子天线单元之间引入地板枝节,通过优化地板枝节的参数,来优化阻抗匹配带宽,并提高天线的隔离度。并且方向图可覆盖整个立体空间,非常适用于超宽带无线通信系统。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy and culture, various multimedia services appear constantly, and the requirement of wireless communication system is raised. New requirements are put forward in terms of the capacity and transmission rate of the communication system. The use of multi-antenna systems, especially multiple-input-multiple-output multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems, is an effective way to increase channel capacity, speed up transmission rate and enhance reliability within a limited bandwidth. However, if the multi-antenna elements are placed in a small space, the coupling between the antenna elements and the coupling surface current will be induced, which will affect the overall performance of the antenna. Therefore, how to improve isolation becomes the core problem in the development of MIMO antenna technology. At the same time, how to keep a good isolation between the elements of MIMO antenna is also an important research direction. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. A 4 脳 4 wideband and high isolation MIMO antenna is designed. The operating frequency band is 4.3-15.5 GHz. Based on the principle of branch loading, it has a good isolation degree, which is more than 15 dB in the working bandwidth and more than 20 dB in most of the bandwidth. The size of the antenna is 40 脳 40mm / m2, the FR4 dielectric substrate is used, the relative dielectric constant is 4.4 and the thickness is 0.8mm. The antenna element is designed as a coplanar waveguide antenna, and the floor itself can produce a similar effect to the traditional floor branch, which changes the coupling current distribution and improves the isolation between ports. And by reasonably designing the relative position of antenna elements, the effect of further reducing coupling. 2. A miniaturized MIMO antenna with a size of 25 脳 40 脳 1.6mm~3 is proposed. The two antenna elements are symmetrically printed on the dielectric substrate and operate at 5.8 GHz. In order to reduce coupling degree, the surface wave of antenna element is suppressed by introducing metamaterial structure between antenna elements. The isolation of this antenna port is higher than that of 24dB, and has good pattern, efficiency and gain. 3. A planar monopole miniaturized UWB MIMO antenna is designed. The operating band of the miniaturized MIMO antenna is 3GHz-10.7GHz, and the size is only 30 脳 40mm / 2. In the small scale space, the floor segment is introduced between the two planar monopole antenna elements. By optimizing the parameters of the floor branch, the impedance matching bandwidth is optimized and the isolation degree of the antenna is improved. And the pattern can cover the whole three-dimensional space, very suitable for UWB wireless communication systems.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN822

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