60GHz毫米波室内环境下传输信道链路分析

发布时间：2018-04-27 02:35

本文选题：短距离无线通信 + 60GHz毫米波　；参考：《南京信息工程大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,无线通信技术快速发展,毫米波这一新兴通信技术为大数据短距离高速率传输提供了可靠的技术支持。无线通信技术在日常生产生活中越来越紧密的围绕在我们周围,比如我们的手机以及各种需要高速流量的手机APP、数字电视、视频点播等。为了实现高速带宽无线接入,只能往高频无线频谱资源方向开发,无线通信技术中领先的技术要属于毫米波通信,毫米波相对于其他电磁波的特点是频率高,毫米波还有波长短、带宽大、保密性高等优点。毫米波只能在短距离内传输,空气、环境、障碍物等因素都会对毫米波无线通信产生影响,使毫米波传输环境变复杂。因此,如何正确地描述电磁波短距离传输,对毫米波无线通信信道的关键参数获取有着很重要的意义。本文的工作主要在以下几个方面:首先,对短距离无线通信系统进行概述,介绍天线阵列利用发射天线和接受天线空间排列实现传输信号的分集与复用;分析短距离无线信道传输和天线阵列的关系,对无线信道在阵列模型下进行信道建模并提出阵列天线毫米波无线通信的理论解释与分析。结果表明,到达角(Angle of Arrival, AOA)和到达高度(Elevation of Arrival, EOA)的对链路都会产生影响。且均匀矩形阵列(Uniform Rectangular Array, URA)相对于均匀线形阵列(Uniform Linear Array, ULA )和均匀圆形阵列(Uniform Circular Array, UCA)在信号传输中更有优势。其次,进一步研究与讨论了短距离无线通信毫米波信号在室内环境下的链路损耗,观测比较ULA和URA在室外空间中的链路损耗模型。推导出电磁波在三维空间下的均匀线形阵列和均匀矩形阵列的空间衰落相关性表达式。对比毫米波链路损耗在不同极化模式下的吻合度。结果表明,相同的极化模式下,介电常数低的材质链路损耗小,反之介电常数大则链路损耗大。比较电磁波在垂直极化模式下和水平极化模式下的链路损耗,所得出的结果表明:垂直极化模式造成的衰落和相比于水平极化模式损耗较小。然后,分析室内环境下短距离无线信道,提出适用于60GHz的室内环境下短距离无线信道传输模型。推导出基于接收机和发射机两端距反射面间距的反射系数表达式以及基于接收机发射机距离的路径损耗相关函数表达式,验证了 IEEE工作组发布的典型无影响链路的路径损耗模型的在实际情况下不准确。结果表明,在现有的传输模式下。默认毫米波反射系数” R=-1”会带来较大的误差。最后,针对60GHz毫米波在室内环境下传输受移动人体的影响做出理论研究,提出一种60GHz在室内环境下移动人体导致的阴影衰落扩展计算三路径切面模型,在频率域范围和时间域范围将计算结果和实验结果进行对比。结果表明,提出的模型与计算结果不能很好的吻合,需要改进毫米波性能评估的计算模型。
[Abstract]:In recent years, wireless communication technology has developed rapidly. Millimeter wave, a new communication technology, provides reliable technical support for large data short distance and high rate transmission. Wireless communication technology is becoming more and more closely around us in daily production and life, such as our mobile phone and various kinds of mobile phone APP, digital TV, which need high speed traffic. In order to achieve high-speed bandwidth wireless access, it can only be developed in the direction of high frequency radio spectrum resources. The leading technology in wireless communication technology belongs to millimeter wave communication. Millimeter wave is characterized by high frequency, millimeter wave and short wave length, high bandwidth and high security. Millimeter wave can only be in short distance. The transmission, air, environment, obstacle and other factors will affect the millimeter wave wireless communication, and make the millimeter wave transmission environment complicated. Therefore, how to correctly describe the short distance transmission of electromagnetic wave is of great significance for obtaining the key parameters of the millimeter wave wireless communication channel. The work of this paper is mainly in the following aspects: first Firstly, the short distance wireless communication system is summarized. The antenna array is used to realize the diversity and reuse of the transmission signal by using the transmitting antenna and receiving antenna space arrangement. The relationship between the short distance wireless channel transmission and the antenna array is analyzed. The channel modeling is carried out under the array model and the array antenna millimeter wave wireless communication is proposed. The results show that the arrival angles (Angle of Arrival, AOA) and the altitude of arrival (Elevation of Arrival, EOA) have an impact on the link. A) is more advantageous in signal transmission. Secondly, we further study and discuss the link loss of the short distance wireless communication millimeter wave signal in the indoor environment, compare the link loss model of ULA and URA in the outdoor space, and derive the correlation between the uniform linear array of the electromagnetic wave in the three-dimensional space and the spatial fading of the uniform rectangular array. The results show that the link loss of the millimeter wave link loss in different polarization modes is compared. The results show that, under the same polarization mode, the material link loss with low dielectric constant is small, and on the contrary, the loss of link loss is large when the dielectric constant is large. The results show that the link loss under the vertical polarization mode and the horizontal polarization mode is compared. The fading caused by vertical polarization mode and the loss of the horizontal polarization mode are smaller. Then, the short distance wireless channel in the indoor environment is analyzed, and the short distance wireless channel transmission model suitable for 60GHz is proposed. The expression of reflection coefficient based on the spacing of the reflector surface of the receiver and transmitter is derived and the connection is based on the connection. The path loss correlation function expression of the distance of the transceiver shows that the path loss model of the typical non impact link issued by the IEEE working group is inaccurate in the actual case. The result shows that the default millimeter wave reflection coefficient "R=-1" will bring greater error in the current transmission mode. Finally, the 60GHz millimeter wave is used. A theoretical study on the influence of mobile human body in indoor environment is made, and a three path section model is proposed to calculate the shadow fading expansion caused by 60GHz in the indoor environment. The results are compared with the experimental results in the range of frequency domain and time domain. The results show that the proposed model and the calculation result can not be very good. Good agreement is needed to improve the calculation model of millimeter wave performance evaluation.

【学位授予单位】：南京信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN928

【参考文献】