加载超介质的高增益、高方向性探地雷达天线研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 17:23

本文选题：超介质 + 天线　；参考：《华中师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：超介质是一种人工电磁材料,具有与自然物质不同的电磁特性。设计实现任意介电常数、磁导率和折射率的超介质使得超介质在微波领域的应用提供了可能,特别是超介质加载到天线上的问题得到广泛关注,研究具有重要的应用价值。本文据超介质理论和天线相关理论设计了两种加载超介质天线,并且所设计的天线能够应用于探地雷达系统。针对探地雷达常用的碟形天线具有超宽带,但是方向性不好,增益有限的问题,本文提出了一种金属背腔加载到天线的背面,从而实现天线的单向辐射。尽管金属背腔的加载解决了蝶形天线的辐射单向性,但是天线的方向性有待改进,天线的半功率波瓣宽度太大使得能量辐射不集中。为此,提出了一种加载零折射率超介质的天线,使得天线的增益提高了1.725 dB。根据传统的Vivaldi天线具备超宽的特性,本文设计了一种零指数超介质,并将其嵌入到Vivaldi天线的开口处使得天线的整体结构紧凑而且体积小。与原始Vivaldi天线相比,加载超介质的Vivaldi天线的增益增加了0.9dB-2.48 dB,而且半功率波瓣宽度减小了10度。本文的主要创新点是：设计了具有特定性质的超介质,并将其加载到天线上,提高天线的方向性和增益,实现了超介质在天线上的应用潜力。
[Abstract]:Supermedia is a kind of artificial electromagnetic material, which has different electromagnetic properties from natural matter. The design and realization of supermedia with arbitrary permittivity, permeability and refractive index make it possible for supermedia to be applied in microwave field. Especially, the problem of supermedia loading into antenna has been paid more and more attention, and the research has important application value. In this paper, two kinds of loaded supermedia antennas are designed according to the theory of hypermedia and the theory of antenna correlation, and the designed antennas can be applied to ground penetrating radar system. Aiming at the problem that the dish antenna commonly used in ground penetrating radar has ultra-wideband (UWB), but the directivity is not good and the gain is limited, this paper presents a kind of metal back cavity loading on the back of the antenna to realize the unidirectional radiation of the antenna. Although the loading of the metal back cavity solves the radiation unidirectionality of the butterfly antenna, the directivity of the antenna needs to be improved, and the width of the half-power lobe of the antenna is too large to make the energy radiation not concentrated. Therefore, an antenna loaded with zero refractive index supermedia is proposed, which can increase the antenna gain by 1.725 dB. According to the characteristic that the traditional Vivaldi antenna is super wide, a zero exponent supermedium is designed and embedded into the opening of the Vivaldi antenna to make the whole structure of the antenna compact and small. Compared with the original Vivaldi antenna, the gain of the loaded Vivaldi antenna increases the 0.9dB-2.48 DB, and the width of the half-power lobe decreases by 10 degrees. The main innovation of this paper is to design the supermedia with special properties and load it into the antenna to improve the directivity and gain of the antenna and realize the application potential of the supermedia on the antenna.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN957.2

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