基于能量均衡的便捷ZigBee树型路由算法的猪舍监控系统设计

发布时间：2018-05-01 05:26

本文选题：监控系统 + 无线传感网　；参考：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着时代的不断进步,人民对肉制品市场的需求日益增大,畜牧业的现代化、精细化养殖是我国未来的主要发展方向,因此正确提高养殖的良种化水平与饲养技术将变得十分重要。在总结国内外畜牧业养殖现状的基础上,同时分析当前猪舍环境监控系统的优劣性,本文设计了一套基于路由改进算法的猪舍远程监控系统。本系统设计目的在于对猪舍内部环境信息进行有效采集与监测,同时能够根据实际需要切换舍内设备工作状态,为管理人员提供一种高效便捷的管理方式。本文针对现代生猪养殖场环境复杂,布线繁琐等问题,利用Zig Bee技术将养殖场中检测环境参数和控制现场设备的各类节点组建无线传感网,同时选用树型拓扑的形式进行网络搭建,最大程度上减少布线问题。使用Tiny6410开发板作为处理现场数据的中心控制器,并移植Linux操作系统至开发板中,共同构建系统嵌入式开发平台。采用SQLite数据库技术,用于储存和查询节点采集的数据和设备的运作情况。将BOA服务器与编写的CGI控制程序移植至中心控制器中,同时设计系统的B/S管理模式,使得管理人员能够通过个人电脑、移动终端等工具实现养殖场的远程管理。安装CMOS摄像头并配置相应的驱动和采集程序,管理员方可对猪舍环境以及猪只行为进行观测与监控,有效提高整体养殖效率。Zig Bee节点一般采用电池作为供电方式,节点数量较多且电池更换繁琐,导致网络的总体能量有限,对数据的频繁传输不利。除了环境参数外,系统还需实时采集视频数据实现猪舍的视频监控功能,这就需要无线传感网络有高传输效率,低能量消耗。通过对网络中路由算法的分析与比较,本文提出一种能量均衡的便捷Zig Bee路由算法,该算法借助邻居表的优势,极大减少数据传输路径,同时在数据传输的过程中检测各节点的能量使用情况,使用高能节点转发数据,均衡网络整体的能量使用。实验结果表明,改进的路由算法在平衡网络整体能耗的基础之上保证了信息传输效率,有效避免死亡节点的过早出现和网络割据的发生。本文设计的基于能量均衡的便捷Zig Bee树型路由算法的猪舍监控系统能够准确采集猪舍内部环境参数并实现实时监控功能,克服了传统监控系统布线繁琐、监控效率不高等缺点,提高了我国规模化、精细化养殖水平,在未来有着十分广阔的应用前景。
[Abstract]:With the continuous progress of the times, the people's demand for meat products market is increasing day by day. The modernization of animal husbandry and fine breeding are the main development directions of our country in the future. Therefore, it is very important to raise the level of breeding and breeding technology correctly. On the basis of summing up the present situation of animal husbandry at home and abroad and analyzing the merits and demerits of the current environment monitoring system of pig house, this paper designs a set of remote monitoring system of pig house based on routing improved algorithm. The purpose of this system is to collect and monitor the environmental information of the pig house effectively, and to switch the working state of the equipment according to the actual needs, and to provide an efficient and convenient management method for the managers. Aiming at the complex environment and complicated wiring of modern pig breeding farm, this paper uses Zig Bee technology to set up a wireless sensor network for all kinds of nodes in the farm to detect environmental parameters and control field equipment. At the same time, tree topology is chosen to build the network to minimize the routing problem. The Tiny6410 development board is used as the central controller to deal with the field data, and the Linux operating system is transplanted to the development board to build the embedded development platform of the system. SQLite database technology is used to store and query the data collected by nodes and the operation of the equipment. The BOA server and the CGI control program are transplanted to the central controller, and the B / S management mode of the system is designed at the same time, so that the manager can realize the remote management of the farm through personal computer, mobile terminal and other tools. By installing the CMOS camera and configuring the corresponding drive and acquisition program, the administrator can observe and monitor the environment and the behavior of the pig, and effectively improve the overall breeding efficiency. Zig Bee node generally uses battery as the power supply mode. Because of the large number of nodes and cumbersome battery replacement, the total energy of the network is limited, which is unfavorable to the frequent transmission of data. In addition to the environmental parameters, the system also needs to collect video data in real time to realize the video monitoring function of pig house, which requires the wireless sensor network to have high transmission efficiency and low energy consumption. Based on the analysis and comparison of the routing algorithms in the network, this paper proposes a convenient Zig Bee routing algorithm with energy balance, which greatly reduces the data transmission path by virtue of the advantage of neighbor table. At the same time, the energy usage of each node is detected in the process of data transmission, and the energy consumption of the whole network is equalized by transmitting the data with the high-energy node. Experimental results show that the improved routing algorithm ensures the efficiency of information transmission on the basis of balancing the overall energy consumption of the network and effectively avoids the premature emergence of dead nodes and the occurrence of network separation. Based on the convenient Zig Bee tree routing algorithm of energy balance, the pig house monitoring system designed in this paper can accurately collect the internal environmental parameters of the pig house and realize the real-time monitoring function. It overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional monitoring system such as cumbersome wiring and low monitoring efficiency. It improves the scale and fine level of aquaculture in our country, and has a very broad application prospect in the future.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP277;TN92

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