基于WBAN的节点选择和能量收集关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 16:42

本文选题：无线体域网 + 稀疏阵列合成　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：无线体域网是集低功率传感器于人体周围的智能网络,它可以实现多种应用,如个人健康监测、娱乐应用以及医疗辅助等。在实际应用中,无线体域网需要多种传感器以监测不同的生理参数,并且为了保证监测数据的准确性,往往同一个生理参数需要多个传感器同时监测。但是人体佩戴大量的传感器会对身体健康造成影响,并且其中的部分传感器会成为冗余节点,进而造成资源的浪费。所以传感器节点选择问题成为了无线体域网中提高能量利用率的研究方向之一。近年来,国内外学者提出利用随机控制框架、目标追踪信道增益以及遗传算法等去稀疏优化传感器阵列,但这些算法由于复杂度高和计算量大并不适用于低功耗的无线体域网。因此,深入研究一种处理无线体域网中传感器阵列的稀疏性问题的高效算法,对无线体域网的研究与应用具有重要的意义。由于无线体域网中传感器体积小,其电池的储电量也十分有限,所以引入能量收集技术是必然且有效的解决能效问题的途径之一。近年来,国内外学者从能量收集硬件电路、能量收集方式、无线能量收集和信息传输共存等方面,对无线通信网络中的信息传输和资源分配进行了研究,并取得了一系列成果。但是,对于无线体域网中基于能量收集技术的通信仍缺乏相应的研究。由于无线体域网的网络具有异构性、动态性和发送功率低等特点,基于能量收集技术的信息传输问题研究面临着许多挑战。因此,深入研究基于能量收集技术的无线体域网中的高效通信性能算法,具有非常重要的理论和实际意义。无线体域网中的高能效问题一直是限制无线体域网实际应用的因素之一。本文以解决无线体域网中的能效问题为目的,从在无线体域网中进行传感器节点选择和采用能量收集技术出发,研究高效的稀疏传感器阵列算法和优化发送端资源分配算法。并且提出了无线体域网中的无线能量和信息传输应用模型,为日后无线体域网中的能量收集研究奠定了基础。本文的研究思路如下:首先,对分布于人体全身的传感器建立规则的几何阵列模型,并基于凸优化对传感器阵列进行稀疏合成,确保最大化阵列稀疏性的同时最小化旁瓣电平值。然后,在无线体域网中引入能量收集技术,建立无线能量和信息传输模型,以及指出在无线体域网中研究能量收集的挑战和机遇。最后,针对无线体域网中的单点数据传输模型,基于能量收集技术优化传感器节点的发送功率。本文主要工作如下:一、针对线性、平面传感器阵列稀疏合成,提出基于凸优化进行阵列稀疏合成的优势。建立了人体传感器阵列模型:头部表示成球形传感器阵列、身体及腿部表示成不同体积的长方体传感器阵列。二、利用凸优化工具分别对球形及立方体传感器阵列进行稀疏合成,其中优化目标为阵列权值向量和旁瓣电平值的加权和函数,且限制主瓣在固定角度范围内。去掉权值向量为零或接近零的传感器节点,得到稀疏传感器阵列及其对应的波束方向图,从而解决了无线体域网中的节点选择问题。三、将能量收集技术引入无线体域网,提出了三种无线能量和信息传输在无线体域网中的应用模型,分析不同模型中无线能量和信息传输共存的相关理论。并且指出了基于能量收集技术无线体域网研究的挑战和机遇。四、针对无线体域网中的单点信息传输模型,以最小化中断概率为优化目标,基于能量收集技术优化传感器节点的发送功率,仿真分析证明了中断概率随着收集能量的增加而减小。上述研究中,稀疏传感器阵列合成从理论层面解决了无线体域网中的节点选择问题,为以后组建无线体域网提供了节点布置方案;研究无线能量与信息共同传输模型为能量收集技术在无线体域网中的应用奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:WSN is an intelligent network that sets low power sensors around the human body. It can implement a variety of applications, such as personal health monitoring, entertainment applications and medical assistance. In practical applications, WSN needs a variety of sensors to monitor different physiological parameters, and in order to ensure the accuracy of monitoring data, it is often the same. Physiological parameters need multiple sensors at the same time. However, a large number of sensors will affect the health of the body, and some of the sensors will become redundant nodes, resulting in a waste of resources. Therefore, the selection of sensor nodes has become one of the research directions for improving the utilization of energy in the wireless body area network. Over the years, scholars at home and abroad have proposed to use random control framework, target tracking channel gain and genetic algorithm to sparse optimization sensor arrays. However, these algorithms are not suitable for low power wireless body domain networks because of high complexity and high computational complexity. Therefore, a deep study on the sparsity of sensor arrays in wireless body domain networks is studied. The efficient algorithm of the problem is of great significance to the research and application of the wireless body area network. Because of the small volume of the sensor in the wireless body area network and the limited storage of the battery, the introduction of the energy collection technology is one of the necessary and effective ways to solve the energy efficiency problem. In recent years, the domestic and foreign scholars have collected the hardware circuit from the energy. Information transmission and resource allocation in wireless communication networks are studied in terms of quantity collection, wireless energy collection and information transmission, and a series of achievements have been achieved. However, there is still a lack of research on the communication based on energy collection technology in wireless body domain network. There are many challenges in the research of information transmission based on energy collection technology. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the efficient communication performance algorithm in wireless body domain network based on energy collection technology. In order to solve the problem of energy efficiency in wireless body domain network, this paper aims at solving the problem of energy efficiency in WLAN. Based on the selection of sensor nodes and the energy collection technology in the wireless body domain network, the efficient sparse sensor array algorithm and the optimal sending end resource allocation algorithm are studied. The application model of wireless energy and information transmission has laid the foundation for the energy collection and research in the future wireless body domain network. The research ideas of this paper are as follows: first, a regular geometric array model is established for the sensor distributed in the body, and the sparse synthesis of the sensor array is made to ensure the maximization of the array sparsity based on convex optimization. At the same time, the sidelobe level is minimized. Then, the energy collection technology is introduced in the wireless body domain network, the wireless energy and information transmission model is established, and the challenges and opportunities for energy collection in the wireless body domain network are pointed out. Finally, the single point data transmission model in the wireless body domain network is optimized based on the energy collection technology to optimize the sensor nodes. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, aiming at the sparse synthesis of linear and planar sensor arrays, the advantages of convex optimization based array sparse synthesis are proposed. The body sensor array model is established: the head is expressed as a spherical sensor array, the body and the leg are expressed as a rectangular sensor array of different volumes. Two, use of convex. The optimization tools make a sparse synthesis of spherical and cube sensor arrays, in which the optimal target is weighted sum function of the array weight vector and the sidelobe level value, and the main lobe is limited in the fixed angle range. The sensor nodes with the weight vector of zero or close to zero are removed, and the sparse sensor array and its corresponding beam direction are obtained. The problem of node selection in wireless body domain network is solved. Three, the energy collection technology is introduced into the wireless body domain network, and the application model of three kinds of wireless energy and information transmission in the wireless body domain network is proposed, and the phase correlation theory of the coexistence of wireless energy and information transmission in different models is analyzed. And it is pointed out that the technology based on energy collection is no more. The challenge and opportunity of the research of line body domain network. Four. Aiming at the single point information transmission model in the wireless body area network, the optimal target is to minimize the interruption probability, and the transmission power of the sensor nodes is optimized based on the energy collection technology. The simulation analysis shows that the interruption probability decreases with the increase of the collection energy. In the above study, the sparse sensor array is used. The column synthesis solves the node selection problem in the wireless body domain network from the theoretical level, and provides the node layout scheme for the future establishment of wireless body domain network, and the research of the wireless energy and information co transmission model lays the foundation for the application of energy collection technology to the wireless body domain network.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN92;TP212

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